tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14992824762768031022024-02-07T19:00:33.394+08:00天主教澳門教區聖母誕辰主教座堂 Sé Catedral de Macau聖母誕辰主教座堂彌撒時間
Horário das Missas da Sé Catedral
Cathedral Mass Times
(粵語) 早晨平日彌撒(周一至周六)07:45
(粵語) 傍晚平日彌撒(周一至周五)18:45
(粵語) 主日彌撒: 07:45, 09:30
Dias de semana: 18:00
Sábado: 18:00 (Missa antecipada)
Domingo: 11:00
Sunday Mass in English: 17:00, 18:30
本堂: 李斌生主教
副本堂: 蘇明道神父 劉偉傑神父 柴浩東神父
Pároco:
Dom Stephen Lee
Vigários Paroquiais:
Pe. Domingos da Silva Soares
Pe. Cyril Jerome Law, Jr.
Pe. Daniel Antonio de Carvalho Ribeiro SCJ天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.comBlogger353125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-25722736498904865182017-04-10T17:12:00.003+08:002017-04-10T17:12:46.870+08:00<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-84237471346632059472016-03-21T09:23:00.002+08:002016-03-21T09:23:36.585+08:00澳門主教座堂上智班四旬期舉行苦路善功<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">澳門主教座堂上智班四旬期舉行苦路善功</span></h2>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0GJZ3dkgbmjwMa4UeSfjmOpkYdPY3-tCBsdCriwmZdtycZApmNDwUrKN-Y_otIuNBeFErEbeLT0eN9sIFxnpXUKXTLIStibDN_DukfbgIROW9Zo4nwDj-OWRlbInvOcA5RdYLLlJKHUI/s1600/20160315143413-1412593.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0GJZ3dkgbmjwMa4UeSfjmOpkYdPY3-tCBsdCriwmZdtycZApmNDwUrKN-Y_otIuNBeFErEbeLT0eN9sIFxnpXUKXTLIStibDN_DukfbgIROW9Zo4nwDj-OWRlbInvOcA5RdYLLlJKHUI/s320/20160315143413-1412593.JPG" width="213" /></a><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> 每年的四旬期,教友們都會以齋戒、克己、更新、服務的精神和態度去準備基督的復活。三月十二日的主日上午,我們為主教座堂上智班的學員們準備了「苦路善工」的朝拜禮儀,就是要鼓勵他們積極參與這敬禮,並偕同基督,活出生命,走向圓滿。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW8GSG619vLPgGErsYdHrr36pvd3am3VrunMx4jpxZiHX5qN3BGoKp1n5K7WVCmUG_6UYnhy8-DoFCeTyVppBPu_ywYE5pQXiMPIOMKnUI3U6qBr2YVwQO_KxtiAHpU1d-ZIcW8iRpr-w/s1600/IMG_0523.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW8GSG619vLPgGErsYdHrr36pvd3am3VrunMx4jpxZiHX5qN3BGoKp1n5K7WVCmUG_6UYnhy8-DoFCeTyVppBPu_ywYE5pQXiMPIOMKnUI3U6qBr2YVwQO_KxtiAHpU1d-ZIcW8iRpr-w/s320/IMG_0523.JPG" width="320" /></a><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> 禮儀開始,導師先向學員及家長們指出朝拜苦路是一個內化過程:在朝拜時,每人將自己的經驗與耶穌的苦難結合;在淨化中,我們與天主更加親密;在回視、感恩及祈禱的過程裡,委屈與傷痛早已被轉化為愛的禮物。這十四站苦路,我們一起重回當年耶穌為補贖眾人罪過、背負十字架所走過的每一段路,途中受盡群眾及士兵們的漫罵、咆哮和凌辱,致身心疲憊、虛弱並三次跌倒,甚至到了加爾瓦略山,還被士兵拿走祂的長袍及鞭打,用鐵釘穿透祂的手足而死在十字架上。來到第十五站,耶穌以一種全新且特別的方式復活了,祂的身子發光,全新的軀體不再疲累、哀傷,也不再受苦了。這讓我們看到:耶穌不只是在耶路撒冷走苦路,而是超越時空,與我們一起走到苦路的盡頭。正如聖經記載:一粒</span><span lang="ZH-TW"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">「麥子」死了,卻結出豐碩的果實來。</span>(<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">若</span>12<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">:</span>24)<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> 整個禮儀的過程,我們看到每個學員都能保持平靜的心靈,陪伴受苦的耶穌,反思自己的生活,每走過一站,用歌聲及禱詞來表達眾人的回應。期間,還看到有家長及家長看到耶穌受苦而落淚。最後,大家一起分享了只有清水及麵包的午餐,來表達我們對苦難耶穌的愛。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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載於:《信訊雙週刊》第288期</div>
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天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-54875913168139797832016-03-19T09:50:00.000+08:002016-03-19T09:50:08.171+08:00從主之意 捨己為人<div class="MsoNormal">
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">從主之意 捨己為人</span></h2>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">讀經一:依</span><span lang="EN-GB">52:13-53:12<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">整個基督事件(</span><span lang="EN-GB">the
Christ event</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),是世上最重要,同時也是最獨特的事件。因此,在信仰的層面上,有時候,要透徹了解耶穌的一言一行,回到孕育耶穌時代的宗教文化傳統,是必須的。今天,作為整個禮儀年中最重要的日子之一,就是一例。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">特別在耶穌的受難、死亡、復活、升天之後,基督徒團體馬上要面對一個問題:該如何理解「耶穌的死亡」呢?事實上,今天大家耳熟能詳的,甚至有時因為太常掛在口邊而變得麻木的「基督為我而死」的想法,大家在四部福音的苦難敘述中從頭到尾都找不到。在這段敘述當中,耶穌為某個人──不管是路人還是宗徒──而死的想法,連些微的跡象也沒有。那位良心發展的『強盜』,他明白到耶穌的身份,他知道耶穌是無辜的,但他並沒有認為耶穌是為他而死的。在四部福音中,最接近這思想的記錄,就是耶穌的兩句:「因為人子,不是來受服事,而是來服事人,並交出自己的性命,為大眾作贖價」(谷</span><span lang="EN-GB">10:45</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">及對觀章節)和「這是我的血,新約的血,為大眾流出來的」(谷</span><span lang="EN-GB">14:24</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">及對觀)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">從基督信仰萌芽時期開始,被選為今天讀經一的先知書選段就影響著他們對耶穌死亡的反思。我猜,這也是禮儀讓我們在今天聽到它的最重要原因。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">今天的這段先知書讀經,通常被稱為「第四首主僕之歌」(頭三首是:依</span><span lang="EN-GB">42:1-9; 49:1-9; 50:4-9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。這首詩歌由首尾呼應的框架(</span><span lang="EN-GB">52:13; 53:12</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)定形。上主在這框架中宣告詩歌的主角是「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʾaḇdî</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(=</span><span lang="EN-GB">my slave / servant</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">=我的奴僕),並以相同的動詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">n-ś-ʾ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」的歧義來表達不同的意義:抬舉(</span><span lang="EN-GB">to life up</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)和背負(</span><span lang="EN-GB">to bear, to carry</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">從內容分析,整首詩歌可以分成四部分:一)</span><span lang="EN-GB">52:13-15</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:天主述說列國對這位被毀容得「不似人形」的上主之僕將來的成功感到極度驚訝;二)</span><span lang="EN-GB">53:1-6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:詩歌的第一人稱說話者(=我們)承認這個被人看不起,被人摒棄的上主之僕所背負的是他們的罪,並透過他承受了他們的懲罰他們得到寬免;三)</span><span lang="EN-GB">53:7-9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:為這個上主之僕的命運提供更多資料,他所背負的從病苦等轉為司法懲處;四)</span><span lang="EN-GB">53:10-12</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:上主宣告祂的僕人不負所託,最終完成使命。祂也還他清白之名。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">13</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】看啊!我的奴僕將要興盛。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">他[將]在高[位],他將被抬舉,他將被極力提拔到高[位]。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】正如許多人因你而震驚──</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">他的外表已被毀壞較任何人都[更不堪入目],他的輪廓已不似人形。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">15</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】這樣他將把許多邦國嚇得跳起,因著他諸王[都]緘口[無語]。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">因為未曾訴說給他們的[事]他們看見了,他們未曾聽過的[事]他們知道了。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在這</span><span lang="EN-GB">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節中說話的是上主(</span><span lang="EN-GB">YHWH</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。大家馬上會發現,這</span><span lang="EN-GB">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節中的第</span><span lang="EN-GB">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節與接著的兩節是有點不順暢的。其內容要到</span><span lang="EN-GB">53:11-12</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">才有所呼應。雖然這可能是作者首尾呼應的寫作手法,但的確,</span><span lang="EN-GB">52:13</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">往</span><span lang="EN-GB">14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節的轉折是相當突兀。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">從詩歌的第</span><span lang="EN-GB">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節(即</span><span lang="EN-GB">52:14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)起,作者導入主題,直到</span><span lang="EN-GB">53:10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">止:上主之僕要受苦,及至他面容扭曲,不似人形的地步。假設四首主僕之歌是要一併解讀的話,則在</span><span lang="EN-GB">52:15</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">就提到列國和諸王會引起解讀難題。因為在之前三首主僕之歌裏,他們已得知他們要看見上主偉大的拯救行動。但他們看見的,反而是個被人看不起的人。無論他們被嚇得瞠目結舌的原因是甚麼,至少有一點是重要的,這位僕人所帶出的訊息,並不只是為以色列自己的,而是為世界的。畢竟,之前的主僕之歌已稱上主之僕為萬國之光(見</span><span lang="EN-GB">42:6; 49:6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】誰會相信我們所聽到的?上主的手臂[又]曾向誰揭示?</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】他將像那幼樹一樣上升到祂面前,像從罕地[冒]出的一株根莖。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">他沒有外形,也沒有光彩,讓我們看。他沒有外表,讓我們渴望。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】[他是]被看不起的,被[所有]男人所摒棄的;一個悲痛的,熟悉病苦的人;</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">就像一個從我們中藏起臉的人;一個被看不起的人,我們不會理會[他]。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】的確,我們的病苦,他背負了;我們的悲痛,他承受了。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我們以為他被天主所傷、所打擊、所折磨。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】他因為我們的叛逆而受傷,因為我們的過錯而粉碎。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">使我們平安的懲戒[落]在他身上。藉著他的傷口,我們得以治癒。</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】我們全部都曾像羊群般走失了,各走各的路。上主[卻]使我們的過錯落在他身上。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">作者把他接下來的內容描寫為難以置信的。這內容是關於上主的手臂──即:上主用來施救的力量──較早前的</span><span lang="EN-GB">51:9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和</span><span lang="EN-GB">52:10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">視之為執行拯救的力量。可見,這裏所指的也是上主的拯救,並已預告這次行動是出乎意料的。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這位僕人毫無吸引人或討人喜歡的外觀(</span><span lang="EN-GB">53:2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),他也得不到世人的尊敬。這似乎不純粹是因為他出身寒微。第</span><span lang="EN-GB">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節所形容的折磨,遠超一般的貧窮和卑下。從措辭看來,他所受到的,可能是與被視為觸怒天主的後果相似的遭遇(見約</span><span lang="EN-GB">19:1-22</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。根據聖經智慧文學傳統的看法,一個受這種苦的人,都會被視為罪人,即使人們不知道他所犯何罪,甚至根本沒有證據證明他有罪。他遭逢這種不幸的事實本身,就已被視為天主對此人的邪惡所作的判決。因此,上世紀著名美籍聖經學者耶穌會士麥堅哲提出(</span><span lang="EN-GB">McKenzie, 1968:133</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),人們連看也不看他,不單是因為他其貌不揚,更是出於恐懼。畢竟,對古時的人來說,與一個活在詛咒──尤其是被視為來自上主的詛咒──之下的人,是相當危險的。然而,作者在這段落想帶出的重點是,壓在此人身上的那道詛咒,並非他自己的,而他把原本壓在其他人身上的詛咒扛到自己身上。的確,很多時候,原本的受詛者未必會在實際承受那道詛咒的人身上認出,那道詛咒原來是自己的。如果我們仔細讀第</span><span lang="EN-GB">4-5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節,會發現行文相當含糊,我們根本不能確定上主之僕所承受的痛苦,是來自疾病還是因為身體上暴力。但作者看來根本不打算分清楚,他只是描寫這位上主之僕身受各種苦楚。他的重點是要反駁聖經智慧文學傳統,即一個人身受不可言狀的痛苦,未必因為那些痛苦是他本人應受的懲罰。特別在這情況中,受苦的人是清白的、無辜的。這就呼應了約伯的經歷,也同時宣告聖經傳統智慧傳統就世間疾苦所作的過份天真的解釋是謬誤的。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">不過,這並不代表上主之僕是白白受苦的。正因為他承受的是別人的痛苦,那麼他們就從他們的痛苦中得到釋放。那麼,接下來的問題就是,這些免卻了皮肉之苦的人是誰呢?換言之,在這</span><span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節中,是誰在說話呢?要解答這問題,最好的方法也許就是篩選法。那麼,先要決定的,就是這位上主之僕的身份。學界在這問題上有不同說法。首先,有把主僕之歌中的上主之僕視為以色列民族的集體化身,言則上主之僕所背負的必然是列國的罪孽。但這明顯是強行解讀,因為上文下理中從沒出現過代表列國說話的人物,也沒有任何措辭指示有代表列國說話的人物突然出現。那麼,從這</span><span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節推斷,這位上主之僕只能是以色列民族中的一員,他藉把同胞的罪咎扛上身來拯救他們。但到底這只是個推斷,而且在其他主僕之歌中,的確有把整個以色列視為上主之僕的情況。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">回到先知文學對早期聖經(這類當然指舊約)傳統太過天真的報應觀的回應。在十誡中,不論那個版本,都認為父母的正義或罪過會分別庇蔭或禍延往後的世代(見:出</span><span lang="EN-GB">20:5-6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;申</span><span lang="EN-GB">5:9-10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。亞巴郎在與上主談判時,甚至提出整個城市應該因為當中的少數義人而免去災禍(見創</span><span lang="EN-GB">18:23-32</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。麥都哲認為(</span><span lang="EN-GB">134-135</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),由此可見,先知傳統與淵源更古老的智慧傳統和五書-申命歷史傳統的不同之處在於,先知傳統接受義人受苦的可能性。而這會發生的唯一原因,就是因為義人受了本該由不義之人所受的苦從而解救不義之人。從這角度來看,先知傳統的這項神學發展是具革命性的,因為傳統的看法是義人是不可能會受苦的,痛苦只會落在應有此報的罪人或惡人身上。換言之,在痛苦的問題上,先知傳統取了一個較為高尚──或更好說較為現實──的觀點:痛苦成了集體得救的媒介。當然,只有義人受苦方有此效力,罪(惡)人受苦只是應受報應。麥都哲認為,這步神學發展是先知傳統承接較早期的神學傳統過程裏更深入到人類的同一處境(粵:坐埋同一條船;婉轉點說就是:同舟共濟;即</span><span lang="EN-GB">solidarity</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)的現實。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">順帶一提,先知傳統對那天真的傳統報應觀的另一反應,尤見於《厄則克爾先知書》。厄則克爾強調,無論義人或惡人,他或生或死,都只因為他自己所做過的事(見《則》第十八章、卅三章)。他之所以要反駁傳統的共同負責觀(類似父債子還),是因為他不能接受一個大部分成員是惡(罪)人的群體中,有一個無辜者純粹因為與惡人有關而受牽連遭殃。可以說,就義人受苦的問題,先知神學有兩個不同的發展方向,一個擺脫(=不接受)傳統的說法,另一個承接傳統說法,但對它所作修正和改良。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】他[雖]備受壓迫、折磨,[卻]沒有開口,</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">就像被領去屠宰的羔羊,就像在剪毛者面前啞口無言的母羊。他沒有張開他的口。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】藉著武力和審判他被帶走,他的命運[又有]誰思慮過?</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">他已從活人之地被鏟除,因著我人民的叛逆他得到了災禍。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】他與惡人同埋,與富人同死,[縱然]他沒有施暴,他口中也沒有謊話。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這首主僕之歌發展到此,所描寫的上主之僕所受的苦已不再只有病苦。作者起用司法比喻,提到武力和審判。一般來說,坊間不少解讀都把這審判視為上主的審判;不過,事實上文中卻沒有清楚指明,那是人間的法庭還是上主的法庭的裁決。無論如何,都不影響重點:上主之僕承受了別人的痛苦,從而解救了他們。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">從第</span><span lang="EN-GB">8-9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節(加上第</span><span lang="EN-GB">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)來看,這位上主之僕的下場已無庸置疑,不管是因為疾病、暴力還是行刑,他已被置諸死地。所謂與惡人同埋,大概就是比喻他在群眾心中的印象。特別是如果我們把第</span><span lang="EN-GB">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節的司法比喻延續到第</span><span lang="EN-GB">9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節的話,則上主之僕不單承受了別人的懲罰,更背負了他們的罪名。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】上主的意願要他的粉[身]碎[骨]和他的痛苦。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">只要他把他的生命當作贖罪祭,他將看見他的子嗣,他可延長[他的]日子。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">上主的意願藉他的手[=透過他]得以大功告成。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">11</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】從他人生的苦難中他將看見[=明白?],藉著他所知的他將得到滿足:</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我的奴僕將會使許多人得到正義,他們的過錯將由他承受。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">12</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】因此,我要在許多人把[戰利品]分給他,他將與眾勇士一起分戰利品。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">因為他傾倒了他的生命受死,他被數算在叛犯之中。許多人的罪他背負了,他為了眾叛犯說了情。</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在第</span><span lang="EN-GB">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節,語調突然轉了,從哀傷變為頌揚。這位上主之僕彷彿以某種不明方式從罪咎和死亡中獲救,因為他使自己成了「贖罪祭」。他是藉承受別的有罪的人的罪名和懲罰來成就大事的。不過,這裏的從死亡中獲救與復活之間,尚有著微妙的差別。前者其實在舊約的詩歌文體中是常見的寫作手法。譬如,聖詠作者有時會把從死亡的危險中獲救描寫成為從死亡中回來(見</span><span lang="EN-GB">18:4-5; 69:1-2, 14-15; 88:3-6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;近似粵語的「死過返生」)。然而,把這首主僕之歌的第</span><span lang="EN-GB">8-9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節理解為死亡的危險,又似乎說不過去。因此,麥堅哲認為(</span><span lang="EN-GB">135-136</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),作者雖然沒有作詳細解釋或邏輯推論,但他想表達的是,上主之僕的拯救工作必定不會因為他的死亡而告訴。除非他以某種方式沉冤得雪,並得知自己沉冤得雪,否則正義無法彰顯。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">賞善罰惡,是最公平的,這點無需爭辯。雖然「臭罌」不一定「出臭草」,但確實父母對下一代甚至數代是有相當的影響。所謂「書香世代」也有其道理。很多時候,一個人做錯事,成了罪人,可以是他咎由自取,但有時也是身不由己。「賞善罰惡」,「一人做事一人當」,當然是公平的,合乎法理的。但有時所謂公平的、合乎法理的,最終讓大家(或至少一方)走投無路,或者一拍兩散。上主要祂的僕人所做的、耶穌在今天所做的,是不公平的、不合法理的。但我想,上主講法理之餘,祂的最終旨意是,希望讓世人有出路。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">願上主祝福你、守護你,願上主使祂的臉光照你,施恩於你,願上主仰起臉眷顧你,賜你平安!(戶</span><span lang="EN-GB">6:24-26</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">梁展熙</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">參考書目:</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<ul>
<li>Koehler, Ludwig, Walter Baumgartner, M. E.
J. Richardson, and Johann Jakob Stamm. <i>The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the
Old Testament</i>. Leiden; New York: E.J. Brill, 1999.</li>
<li>McKenzie, John L. <i>Second Isaiah:
Introduction, Translation, and Notes</i>. Anchor Yale Bible 20. New Haven: Yale
University Press, 1968.</li>
</ul>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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載於:《信訊雙週刊》第288期</div>
天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-11387838403845202042016-03-19T09:46:00.000+08:002016-03-19T21:09:42.576+08:00逾越 祭獻?<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">古經今讀</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">聖週星期四</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">逾越 祭獻?</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">讀經一:出</span><span lang="EN-GB">12:1-8,11-14<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">如果從《出谷紀》本身的脈絡來看,上主早在上一章就已明言:「還有一種災禍,我要降在法朗和埃及人身上,然後他必要釋放你們離開此地」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">11:1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。接著,梅瑟帶著最後通牒去見法老;唯法老仍然心硬,因此梅瑟不得要領(</span><span lang="EN-GB">11:2-10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。事已至止,《出》的讀者想必已準備好迎接上主信誓旦旦要施於埃及的最後災禍。但《出》一如慣常,延後著讀者的預期。筆鋒一轉,《出》花了一些篇幅──也就是這晚上讀經一的截段──來述說上主給梅瑟和亞郎的一番指示(</span><span lang="EN-GB">12:1-20</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。不過,到了這一次,上主指示的目標不再是法老,而是以色列民。從這一刻起,梅瑟和亞郎所關心的,所要應付的,不再的法老,而是同樣麻煩(甚至更麻煩)的以色列民。這番指示鉅細靡遺地制定了過而不入節[=逾越節;見下文](</span><span lang="EN-GB">1-14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)和無酵(餅)節(</span><span lang="EN-GB">15-20</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)的舉行方式。這段特別冗長的文字,定會使不少讀者不耐煩。一直等待著上主出手的讀者,大多會覺得這樣的岔開話題就是在拖延時間,延遲拯救。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 問題是:事實是否真的如此?就要我們把上主的整段指示讀一遍才知曉。然而,篇幅所限,我們唯有把注意力集中於禮儀希望我們專注的地方:逾越節的指示(</span><span lang="EN-GB">1-14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】上主便在埃及地中對梅瑟和亞郎說:【</span><span lang="EN-GB">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】「這月[份][是]你們的眾月[份]之首,它[是]你們[一]年中眾月[份]之首。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">《五書》的四大傳統之一,《司祭典》──學界相信是這部分的作者──把逾越慶典描寫成上主對梅瑟和亞郎的說話。簡言之,</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">《</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">出</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">》</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">只有記載上主對他們二人指示了該如何舉行逾越慶典,但卻沒有把以民如何履行這番指示記錄下來。</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 無論如何,《司祭典》認為,埃及首生之死和以民出離埃及將改變以色列民的時間觀,因此需要重定曆法。出谷事件將標誌著以色列曆法的首個月份。事實上,以建立新曆法來標誌歷史進程,是《司祭》的常見手法,如:洪水結束=一月一日(即一年的開始;見創</span><span lang="EN-GB">8:13</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)、出離埃及=一月(</span><span lang="EN-GB">12:1-2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)、會幕(</span><span lang="EN-GB">tabernacle</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)建成=一月一日(=一年之始;見出</span><span lang="EN-GB">40:2, 17</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。在《司祭》史觀裏,這些事件都開啟了一個新時代。這與基督信仰傳統以耶穌誕生來審視時間,把時序分為主前(</span><span lang="EN-GB">B.C.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)和主曆(</span><span lang="EN-GB">A.D.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)的做法相似。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】[你們要]對整個以色列會眾說:在這月的第十天,他們每人要親自為祖家</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">取一隻羊,一隻為他的家庭</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】如果那家庭為一隻羊來說太小的話,他便與他最近的鄰居同取一隻,視乎人</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*3]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的數量。他們要按各人的[胃]口食量來計算羊[的數目]。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*1] </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來詞組「</span><span lang="EN-GB">bêt-ʾāḇōt</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. [a] house of fathers</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),字義:眾父之家。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*2] </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來詞組「</span><span lang="EN-GB">habbāyit</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. the house</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),字義:這</span><span lang="EN-GB"> / </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">那家。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*3] </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來名詞複數變位「</span><span lang="EN-GB">nǝp̄āšōt</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」,名詞單數原型「</span><span lang="EN-GB">nep̄eš</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」。此字一般慣譯作「靈魂」,但此譯於此顯然不通。其實,在希伯來語中,此字本義喉嚨(</span><span lang="EN-GB">throat</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),引申有氣息、呼吸、噓氣(</span><span lang="EN-GB">breath</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)的意思,再引申有性命、生命的意思。如果把此字最後的引申義理解為生命之本(</span><span lang="EN-GB">the principle of life</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)的話,則勉強符合希臘-羅馬-基督宗教思想中的靈魂。然而,必須緊記的是,以色列傳統的世界觀與後來的希臘-羅馬-基督宗教世界觀不盡相同,後者被靈魂肉身二分說(</span><span lang="EN-GB">body-soul dualism</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)主宰良久,但希伯來文化卻不以抽象思考為主,多以具體事物來思考。此處即為一例。</span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這部分列明了如何揀選逾越節用的牲畜。特別值得留意的是,上主要梅瑟和亞郎把祂的指示告訴「以色列會眾」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʿădat yiśrāʾēl</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. the congregation of Israel</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。在希伯來語中,「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʿēdâ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(=</span><span lang="EN-GB">congregation</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">=會眾)一字強調的是一個在特定時間地點聚集的團體,而非血緣關係。例如:在撒羅滿尚未建成耶京聖殿之前,一直處於遊浪狀態的以色列民就把約櫃、一個奉香祭壇、一座七燭台、一點不滅之火等放進一個帳幕之中(如見戶</span><span lang="EN-GB">17:23-26</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),以標誌著上主的臨在,《司祭典》稱之為(《思高》譯)「約幕」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">the tabernacle</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。其實,這帳幕另有一個名字,就是:「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʾōhel mōʿēd</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. the tent of meeting</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),《思高》譯「會幕」。所謂「會眾」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʿēdâ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),就是指在「會幕」四周聚集的人群。換言之,以色列民的身份,是來自他們「以會幕為中心聚集」。以色列民,本質就與上主之間有著一份不可分割的關係。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;"> 根據這裏的指示,逾越節是在家裏慶祝的。第</span><span lang="EN-GB">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">節分別提到每個人的「祖家」和自己的「家庭」。「祖家」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">bêt-ʾāḇōt</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">;見</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">)一詞早在出</span><span lang="EN-GB">6:14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">出現過,指的大概是大家族。至於「家庭」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">habbāyit</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">;見</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">),相信所指的與今天我們所謂的家庭無異:由直系親屬組成,一般不過三代。所以第</span><span lang="EN-GB">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">節特別提到,如果有家庭太少,吃不了一整隻小羊的話,可加入其他家庭一起吃。這裏明顯重點是要在一夜之間吃完整隻羊。剩下的必須在天亮前燒掉。</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】你們[所取]的羊[應]是完好的、雄性的、一歲的</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*4]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。你們可從綿羊或山羊中取之。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】牠要屬你們保存,直到這月的第十四天。整個以色列會眾要在黃昏宰殺牠。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】他們要從[中]取[一些]血,並將之放在[=塗在?]他們吃牠的房舍</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*5]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的兩道門柱和門楣上。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】他們要在那晚上吃了那[些]肉。他們要[把]火烤的[肉],並與無酵餅[一起放在]苦[菜]</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*6]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">上吃。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】你們不可吃生的,[也不可吃]用水煮熟的。但要用火烤的,牠的頭,及牠的腿肉,和牠的內臟。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】你們不可剩餘任何到早上。任何將剩餘到早上的,你們要[放]入火中燒盡。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*4] </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來詞組「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ben-šānâ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. son of one year [old]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),字義:一歲的[指:羊的]兒子。直譯的譯本有《</span><span lang="EN-GB">Difusora Bíblica</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》:</span><span lang="EN-GB">filho de um ano</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。然而,希伯來語「</span><span lang="EN-GB">bēn</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」一字除解作「兒子」之外,也用來指屬於某一類別的意思。如慣譯作以色列子民的詞組,原文作「</span><span lang="EN-GB">bǝn(ê) yiśrāʾēl</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」,字義就是「以色列的(眾)子(女)」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">son(s)/child(ren) of Israel</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),其實就是「以色列人(民)」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">Israelite(s)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)的意思。這種用法與漢語中「子」字的助語詞用法──如:車子、椅子、胖子等──有點類似。這一點,對理解沿於《舊約》的、慣譯作「人子」的稱謂,是很重要的。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*5] </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來名詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">habbāyit</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. the house</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。與</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">相同。但此處顯然解本義,即具體的「房舍」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*6] </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來形容詞名詞化(</span><span lang="EN-GB">substantive</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)複數變位「</span><span lang="EN-GB">mǝrōrîm</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」,單數原型「</span><span lang="EN-GB">mārōr</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」。本義「苦澀的」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">bitter</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),名詞化後本義作「苦澀的[東西]」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">bitter things</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。這裏專指「苦菜」。</span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這部分記載了逾越慶典的儀式,宰殺和食用的過程。第</span><span lang="EN-GB">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節指明這隻小羊必須是一歲大、毫無殘缺的,並要在那個月份的第十天選好。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">第</span><span lang="EN-GB">6-7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節則指明了逾越羊應如何宰殺,以及應如何把血塗在以色列人每家每戶的門框上。值得注意的是,希伯來語有個專門用來指「祭品」的:「</span><span lang="EN-GB">zeḇaḥ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">the [slaughter] sacrifice</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">=宰祭[的祭品]),但《司祭典》從不用這字稱呼逾越羊,反而《雅威-厄羅謙》合典(如出</span><span lang="EN-GB">12:27</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)和《申命典》(申</span><span lang="EN-GB">16:2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)則視之為祭品。事實上,根據《肋未紀》第十七章的血祭律,宰祭必須在上主祭壇處在司祭面前進行,而祭品的血必須灑在祭壇上。理由是:「因為一切肉軀的生命,都繫於血」(肋</span><span lang="EN-GB">17:14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。換言之,在宰祭時在祭壇上灑血,是把生命歸還天主的方法之一。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 由此,美籍舊約學者都哲文就指出(</span><span lang="EN-GB">Dozeman, 2009:266</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),要在《司祭典》血祭律的框架內來理解逾越慶典的儀式,有一定難度。無可否認的是,逾越羊的宰殺──至少在外在行動上──與宰祭相似,塗在門框上的血就好比灑在祭壇上一樣。但這故事的背景,是在約幕祭祀儀式成形之前,再加上上主已把逾越慶節的儀式定為「永遠的規定」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節),要世代遵守。可以說,逾越儀式與血祭律之間的矛盾尚沒法解決。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 另外,逾越羊宰殺指示的重點,是在各家各戶,而不在每個以色列民個人之上。門是一座房舍最容易受到攻擊的地方[按:當時的泥屋沒有我們所理解的窗戶,只有透風口]。那麼,要保護每家以民房舍免受死神的攻擊,就要藉把逾越羊的血塗在門框上,包括雙柱和門楣。我們或許會禁不住把這逾越儀式與宰祭聯想起來。但都哲文提醒我們(</span><span lang="EN-GB">267</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),逾越儀式畢竟不是祭祀。逾越儀式不是用來贖回人的罪過,這是約幕中的祭壇前的祭祀才有的功用。更甚者,與贖罪的祭祀不是,逾越儀式所針對的,並非個人,而是整戶人,整個家庭。也許,門框上的血可以類比為某種驅邪護身的裝備。逾越羊血讓房舍中的人避過死神的襲擊,讓裏面的首生能度過那一夜(見</span><span lang="EN-GB">13</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)。總言之,門上的逾越羊血不具救贖之效,並不抵償罪過。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 第</span><span lang="EN-GB">8-10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節描述逾越羊的宰殺方式和食用方式。按都哲文的觀察(</span><span lang="EN-GB">267-268</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),這</span><span lang="EN-GB">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節以交叉對偶結構在時序上從黑夜漸漸過渡到早上:</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">A </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">時間──晚上:食用時間</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB"> B </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">指示──與無酵餅和苦菜一起烤著吃</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB"> C </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">禁止──不可生吃,不可用水煮熟來吃</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB"> B</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">’</span><span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">指示──連頭、腿、內臟一起烤著吃</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">A</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">’</span><span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">時間──清晨:清掉逾越羊</span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">不可生吃,不可用水灼熟來吃逾越羊的禁令(</span><span lang="EN-GB">C</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)位於整個結構中心。按此結構分析的假定,這就是這段文字的中心訊息。接著,烤熟羊肉方式的指示(</span><span lang="EN-GB">B, B</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">’),框著中心的禁令。最後,框著整段文字的,是時間的限制(</span><span lang="EN-GB">A, A</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">’)。整頓晚餐──整個儀式──不得延到第二天。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 都哲文認為,在這</span><span lang="EN-GB">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節中,算中心的禁令最難理解。除此處外,在整本舊約中,都沒有關心過吃生肉這議題。反而,根據申</span><span lang="EN-GB">16:7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的規定,逾越羊是要用水煮熟的,而不是烤熟的。至於編下</span><span lang="EN-GB">35:13</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的規定,就純粹是把《司祭典》的指示和申</span><span lang="EN-GB">16:7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">混為一談,說逾越羊既是煮熟的又是烤熟的。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 事實上,《司祭典》法律並不常規管肉的煮法和食用方式。絕大部分的肉都是直接放進祭壇的火裏,化成煙來祭獻給上主。祭祀中的肉不是讓人食用的,而是要成為上主喜愛的香味。上主著令要把肉煮熟並讓人食用的情況,只有三種:一)在按立為司祭時(出</span><span lang="EN-GB">29:31</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;肋</span><span lang="EN-GB">8:31</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">);二)在贖罪祭時(肋</span><span lang="EN-GB">6:28</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">);以及三)在人從獻身願(或稱「納齊爾」願=</span><span lang="EN-GB">nazirite</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)中釋放出來時(戶</span><span lang="EN-GB">6:19</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。縱觀三種情況,共同之處是人的改變。司祭的按立,就是人從世俗進入神聖,以履行聖職;贖罪祭,讓人從罪人的身份返回義人的身份;獻身誓願的釋放,讓人從神聖返入世俗生活。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 如此看來,我們也許就能明白何以上主於此禁止把逾越羊用水煮熟來吃。首先,逾越慶節的儀式是在家中進行的,既無祭壇,也沒司祭在場。其次,在逾越慶節儀式中,參加者本身根本沒有任何改變。這儀式只有讓死神過門不入,保護屋內的人免受死亡襲擊而已。簡言之,逾越慶節並不具補償罪過或改變參加者的功用。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">11</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】你們要這樣吃牠:你們的腰束好,你們的草鞋在你們雙腳上,你們的棍杖在你們手中。你們要在勿忙中吃牠。這是屬於上主的過[而不入](慣譯:逾越節)。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">12</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】在這一夜,我要橫渡埃及地,我要擊殺埃及地中的每個首生,從人到動物。我要對埃及的所有神祗進行審判。我[是]上主(</span><span lang="EN-GB">YHWH</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)!【</span><span lang="EN-GB">13</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】那些在你們[所在]的房舍上的血,要成為你們的記號。我看見了那[些]血,我必會經過你們[而不入]。當我擊殺埃及地時,毀滅重擊必不臨於你們身上。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】這一天要成為你們的紀念[日],你們要慶祝它,作為屬於上主的慶節。你們世世代代要慶祝它,作為永遠的規定。[【</span><span lang="EN-GB">15</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】……]」</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3Eojl4-fPIqUrPK2DPSLoaIas8I-a1svn3RTmNfr6M9-zG1zeEKUobfqgAV9xFQIH9TSNN-kSvmJUcosqEMrPJucXR-u5b12228qhpwzQQnqeWmY7ov6Tn2VnRczEMgpDIq8KcuNJJms/s1600/%25E5%258F%25A4%25E7%25B6%2593%25E4%25BB%258A%25E8%25AE%2580+-+Holy+Thursday.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="238" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3Eojl4-fPIqUrPK2DPSLoaIas8I-a1svn3RTmNfr6M9-zG1zeEKUobfqgAV9xFQIH9TSNN-kSvmJUcosqEMrPJucXR-u5b12228qhpwzQQnqeWmY7ov6Tn2VnRczEMgpDIq8KcuNJJms/s320/%25E5%258F%25A4%25E7%25B6%2593%25E4%25BB%258A%25E8%25AE%2580+-+Holy+Thursday.JPG" width="320" /></a><span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這三節則讓我們知道《司祭典》本身如何解讀逾越晚餐。《司祭典》稱這晚餐──或這慶節──為「上主的</span><span lang="EN-GB">pesaḥ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」[慣譯:逾越(節)]。希伯來名詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">pesaḥ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」,大概是來自動詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">p-s-ḥ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. to pass by; to spare</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),本義:「經過[而不進入]、放過」。甚至有學者提出可解作「保護」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">to protect</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;見依</span><span lang="EN-GB">31:5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。事實上,要真正明白這名稱,就要從故事的脈絡來理解。逾越儀式所針對的,是上主在第十災中所扮演的毀滅和死亡的角色。這一夜,是死亡之夜。《司祭典》說上主將「橫渡」埃及地,「擊殺」每個首生,人和動物無一倖免,並「審判」埃及諸神。這一夜,免不了雞犬不寧、屍橫遍野、鬼哭神嚎。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">埃及的一切首生都因進入埃及人各家各戶的這一「災」而死。緊接著的《雅威-厄羅謙》合典在這點上較為含糊其辭,把這次血淋淋的宰殺首生之禍歸『功』於「毀滅者」這號人物(</span><span lang="EN-GB">12:23</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),而不是上主。但《司祭典》則很清楚的,斬釘截鐵地說,塗在門框上的血,是用來保護屋內之人不受擊殺,上主說因為「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ûp̄āsaḥtî ʿălēḵem</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. I shall pass by / spare you</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">=我要經過你們而不入</span><span lang="EN-GB"> / </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我要放過你們;見</span><span lang="EN-GB">13</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">當基督信仰傳統在解釋聖經時,就理所當然的把耶穌乃真逾越羊的神學信念套進舊約中。如第四世紀聖師敘利亞的聖厄弗辣因,就以耶穌的人生和死亡的角度來解讀《出》第十二章:耶穌在尼散月第十日出生(</span><span lang="EN-GB">12:3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">);在該月十四日被釘死(</span><span lang="EN-GB">12:6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">);無酵餅代表他的新猷;苦菜代表邪惡的群眾──他受苦的原因(</span><span lang="EN-GB">12:8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">);烤羊的窯代表十架(</span><span lang="EN-GB">12:9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)等。這類的解讀方式世代都有追隨者。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">不過,從上述淺釋可見,舊約學者候特曼的結論(</span><span lang="EN-GB">Houtman, 2006:145-146</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)十分正確:這樣的解讀,無論對舊約還是新約,也不甚公平。在逾越慶節的主題上,新舊兩約的連結點,其實在於「紀念」(出</span><span lang="EN-GB">12:14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。以色列民要紀念出谷事件,同樣基督徒要紀念天主藉耶穌所行的創舉。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">願上主祝福你、守護你,願上主使祂的臉光照你,施恩於你,願上主仰起臉眷顧你,賜你平安!(戶</span><span lang="EN-GB">6:24-26</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">梁展熙</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">參考書目:</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<ul>
<li>Dozeman, Thomas B. <i>Commentary on Exodus</i>. The Eerdmans Critical Commentary. Grand Rapids, MI; Cambridge, U.K.: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2009.</li>
<li>Houtman, Cornelis. <i>Exodus</i>. Volume 2. Historical Commentary on the Old Testament. Leuven: Peeters, 2006.</li>
<li>Koehler, Ludwig, Walter Baumgartner, M. E. J. Richardson, and Johann Jakob Stamm. <i>The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament</i>. Leiden; New York: E.J. Brill, 1999.</li>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">插圖:</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<ul>
<li>Charles Sprague Pearce (1851–1914). “Lamentations over the Death of the First-Born of Egypt.” 1877. Smithsonian American Art Museum.</li>
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<span lang="EN-GB">載於:</span><span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">《</span>信訊雙週刊<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">》</span>第288期</div>
天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-19975718489273157532016-03-19T08:24:00.001+08:002016-03-19T09:34:10.767+08:00祈禱<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">教宗方濟各</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">週三要理講授</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">論家庭之廿二</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">祈禱</span></h2>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">親愛的弟兄姐妹,早晨!</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPnle4Poylh-qy7scjWKchYc2_gb-PdvYtJOl3V3gQk0q9z2VNh9IGT5Hm4Ze8yR2Ja602pi6_DSOHqL6G1lW4yS_b30DuR5Nf-oTxGwbqnd0qa9FHhIMOqq2QMqi_OkEbdXFIaTIg4Ak/s1600/OSSROM61496_Articolo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="226" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPnle4Poylh-qy7scjWKchYc2_gb-PdvYtJOl3V3gQk0q9z2VNh9IGT5Hm4Ze8yR2Ja602pi6_DSOHqL6G1lW4yS_b30DuR5Nf-oTxGwbqnd0qa9FHhIMOqq2QMqi_OkEbdXFIaTIg4Ak/s320/OSSROM61496_Articolo.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我們已經省思了家庭如何度過節假日和工作時間,現在我們來談談</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">祈禱的時間</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。基督徒經常抱怨自己缺少時間:</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我應該花更多時間祈禱;我願意祈禱,可總是沒有時間</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。這樣的遺憾我們總能聽到。當然,這種遺憾是真誠的,因為人心總在尋求祈禱的機會,即使自己並未覺察到;若尋求無果,心則不寧。然而,為使心靈和祈禱相遇,我們應該在心中培養對天主的</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">炙</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">愛,一往情深的愛。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我們可以作個簡單的反省。我們的確全心信賴天主,真的希望天主幫助我們解決難題,確實感到有義務感謝天主。這一切都理所應當。可是,我們對上主是否懷有一點愛?天主對我們的思念是否感動我們,令我們驚訝,使我們變得溫順?</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我們想想歸納十誡的最大誡命:</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">你當全心、全靈、全力,愛上主你的天主</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(申</span>6:<span lang="EN-GB">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;參:瑪</span>22:<span lang="EN-GB">37</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。這條誡命使用了愛意濃濃的表達方式,並將這愛傾注在天主身上。因此,祈禱的精神即在於此。我們若能領悟這種精神,就永遠不會找不到時間祈禱。我們能否想象天主有如使我們保有生命的撫摸,在這個撫摸之前一無所有呢?我們是否想過,任何事物,甚至死亡都無法使我們與這撫摸分離?還是我們認為天主只是偉大的,是創造萬物的全能者,掌控一切行為的審判者呢?當然,這一切都對。不過,只有當天主是我們的愛中之愛時,以上所言才有圓滿的意義。到那時,我們會感到幸福,或許還會有些困惑,因為祂思念我們,更愛我們!這難道不令人驚歎嗎?天主以父親的愛撫摸我們,這難道不感人嗎?這多麽美妙!祂能夠很容易讓我們認出祂是至高者,祂賜予我們祂的誡命,等待我們的回應。天主非但這麼做了,祂還在不停地這樣做。祂在我們的人生道路上陪伴我們、保護我們、愛我們。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我們如果心中沒有燃起對天主的愛火,我們的祈禱熱忱就無法持久。我們也會</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">如同外邦人那樣</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">喋喋不休,一如耶穌所說的;或者</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">如同假善人一樣</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">立在街頭祈禱(參:瑪</span>6:<span lang="EN-GB">5,7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。一顆愛天主的心能使一個無言的意念,例如在聖像前的呼求,或向聖堂示意的親吻成為祈禱。看到媽媽教小孩向耶穌和聖母示意親吻,真好。在這舉止中含有多大的溫柔啊!此時,兒童的心已化為祈禱的場所。這是聖神的恩典。我們切莫忘記為我們每個人祈求這恩典!因為天主的聖神以其特殊的方式在我們的心中呐喊:</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">阿爸</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="EN-GB">-</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif";">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">父啊</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,並教導我們像耶穌那樣呼喚</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">父啊</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,這是一種我們永遠無法靠自己尋得的方式(參:迦</span>4:<span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。祈求聖神的這項恩典是我們在家中學會的。若我們學會以叫</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">爸爸</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">媽媽</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的那種自發性去學習稱呼天主的話,我們便永遠學到這稱呼。若能這樣,家庭生活將永遠處在天主愛的懷抱中,自動自發地找到時間祈禱。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我們非常清楚,家庭生活複雜而緊張、繁忙而勞累。時間總是很少,永遠不夠用,有太多事要做。有家庭的人很快學會去解連偉大的數學家們都不會解的方程式:在</span><span lang="EN-GB">24</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">小時内做</span><span lang="EN-GB">48</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">小時的事!不是嗎?有些媽媽和爸爸能為此贏得諾貝爾獎。在</span><span lang="EN-GB">24</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">小時内做</span><span lang="EN-GB">48</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">小時的事!我不知道他們是如何做的,但他們採取行動,做到了!家庭有多少工作啊!</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">當一個人懷有祈禱的精神時,他就將時間交給天主,走出總是沒有時間的生活煩惱,在必要的事上找到平安,發現意想不到的恩典的喜悅。瑪利亞和瑪爾大姐妹倆在這方面是很好的例子,我們已經聆聽了福音中關於她們的事跡;她們都從天主那裡學會家庭生活節奏的和諧,即節假日的美好、工作的安詳、祈禱的精神(路</span>10:<span lang="EN-GB">38-42</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。她們愛耶穌,耶穌的到訪對她們而言如同是過節。終有一天瑪爾大也會明白,待客的工作固然重要,但並非全部;像瑪利亞那樣聆聽上主才是真正緊要的事,才是</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">最美好</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的時光。祈禱出自聆聽耶穌,誦讀福音。你們不要忘記每天閱讀一小段福音。祈禱出自與天主聖言的密切關係。我們在家中有這密切關係嗎?我們在家中有福音書嗎?我們全家人是否有時也一起誦讀福音呢?我們在誦念玫瑰經時是否默想福音?在家中誦讀及默想的福音有如一塊好麵包,滋養眾人的心。早晨和晚上及我們圍坐在桌子前時,我們要學會一起簡單地祈禱。這時,耶穌就來到我們當中,如同祂前去瑪爾大、瑪利亞和拉匝祿家中那樣。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">有一件事我非常在意,我看到在城市裡有很多兒童還沒學會劃十字聖號!你們這些媽媽、爸爸應該教導子女祈禱,教他們劃十字聖號,這是為人父母的一項光榮任務!</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">無論家庭處於順境還是逆境,我們都要在家庭祈禱中為彼此代禱,好使我們的每位家庭成員都得到天主愛的護佑。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">2015</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年</span><span lang="EN-GB">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">月</span><span lang="EN-GB">26</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">日</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">原載於:<a href="http://zht.radiovaticana.va/news/2015/08/27/%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97%E6%96%B9%E6%BF%9F%E5%90%842015%E5%B9%B48%E6%9C%8826%E6%97%A5%E9%80%B1%E4%B8%89%E8%A6%81%E7%90%86%E8%AC%9B%E6%8E%88%E5%85%A8%E6%96%87%EF%BC%9A%E5%AE%B6%E5%BA%AD%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E7%A5%88%E7%A6%B1/1167827">梵蒂岡電台網頁</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">載於:《信訊雙週刊》第288期</span></div>
天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-40602860417118151272016-03-12T04:47:00.001+08:002016-03-12T04:47:46.124+08:00工作<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">教宗方濟各</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">週三要理講授</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">論家庭之二十</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">工作</span></h2>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">親愛的弟兄姐妹,早晨!</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbfXdGQhmOqrlfSrxX5qlNjh8A1hBJyX7lcM8YEQNJPv8R8MtbpVkAe8vSanm0x_h1j4_uEMWa90bM8DxsAf8c5iYiK9nl4CaKQ-pOoiI6CDjld86KatZifSTo9tPvXAcfR0i2_kOBqoE/s1600/OSSROM61433_Articolo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="226" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbfXdGQhmOqrlfSrxX5qlNjh8A1hBJyX7lcM8YEQNJPv8R8MtbpVkAe8vSanm0x_h1j4_uEMWa90bM8DxsAf8c5iYiK9nl4CaKQ-pOoiI6CDjld86KatZifSTo9tPvXAcfR0i2_kOBqoE/s320/OSSROM61433_Articolo.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">教宗方濟各</span><span lang="EN-GB">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">月</span><span lang="EN-GB">19</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">日上午在梵蒂岡保祿六世大廳</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">主持週三公開接見活動</span><span lang="EN-GB"> - OSS_ROM<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</tbody></table>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在省思了家庭生活中節假日的重要性後,今天我們談談它的互補要素——工作的價值。節假日和工作,二者都天主創造計劃中固有的成分。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">一般而言,工作是維持家庭、撫養子女、確保親人能體面生活的必要條件。對於一個認真誠實的人,最大的光榮莫過於被稱為</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">一名工作者</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,一個勞作的人,一個在團體內不依附他人而生活的人。我看到,今天有很多阿根廷人在場,用我們的話說,這叫做</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="EN-GB">No vive de arriba</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(自食其力)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">實際上,工作,無論哪種類型的工作,即使是家務活,也有益於公共福祉。在哪裡能學會勤勞生活的品德呢?首要的場所是家庭。家庭通過父母的榜樣教導工作的品德:爸爸和媽媽為家庭和社會的福祉而效力。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在福音中,納匝肋聖家有如一個工人家庭,耶穌本人也被稱為</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">木匠的兒子</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(瑪</span>13:<span lang="EN-GB">55</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),或者乾脆被叫做</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">木匠</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(谷</span>6:<span lang="EN-GB">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。聖保祿也告誡基督徒說:</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">誰若不願意工作,就不應當吃飯</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(得後</span>3:<span lang="EN-GB">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。這可真是一個減肥的良方,不工作就別吃飯!聖保祿指的顯然是某些人的虛假屬靈論;實際上,這些人依靠他們的弟兄姐妹生活,</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">什麼也不做</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(得後</span>3:<span lang="EN-GB">11</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。工作事務和精神生活在基督宗教觀中一點都不相悖。明白這點很重要!一如聖本篤所教導的,祈禱和工作可以且應該和諧共處。缺乏工作也會損害精神,就如缺乏祈禱會損害實踐活動那樣。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">工作,我再重複一遍,無論哪種類型的工作,都是人類真正的工作。它體現了人按照天主肖像受造的尊嚴。因此可以說工作是神聖的,也因此就業管理是人類和社會的一項重大責任,不能將其交在少數人手裡或推給被神化的</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">市場</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。若喪失就業機會,社會也將受到嚴重損害。每當我看到有人沒工作,有人找不到工作以及有人無法給家裡帶回麵包,我便難過。每當我看到政府官員努力創造工作機會,設法使人人都有工作,我便喜悅萬分。工作是神聖的,工作為家庭帶來尊嚴。我們必須祈禱,使每個家庭都不缺乏工作。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">因此,工作和節假日一樣,都是造物主天主計劃中固有的成分。在《創世紀》中,大地被描繪為樂園,被委託於人的呵護與勞作(參:</span>2:<span lang="EN-GB">8,15</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),有關大地之前的景象令人印象深刻:</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在上主天主創造天地時,地上還沒有灌木,田間也沒有生出蔬菜,因為上主天主還沒有使雨降在地上,也沒有人耕種土地,有從地下湧出的水浸潤所有地面</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(</span>2:<span lang="EN-GB">4b-6a</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。這不是一幅浪漫的景象,而是天主的啓示;我們有責任去徹底理解及領會這啓示。論述整體生態的《願祢受讚頌》通諭也包含這訊息:大地的美妙與工作的尊嚴生來就彼此結合。二者並駕齊驅:人若耕種土地,大地就變得美麗。當工作脫離天主與人的盟約時,當工作失去人的精神品質時,當工作被掠為利潤至上邏輯的抵押品,當它輕視生命的情感時,靈魂的墮落將污染一切:空氣、水、草地、食物等等。市民生活敗壞,生活環境變質。其後果是窮人和貧困家庭成為首當其衝的受害者。現代企業常常表現出一種危險的傾向,認為家庭對勞動生產率而言是一種阻礙、一個負擔、一個負面因素。我們不禁要問:哪種生產率?為誰生產?所謂的</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">智慧城市</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">無疑能提供豐富的服務和安排;然而,舉例來説,它卻常常敵視兒童和老年人。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">有時,制定計劃的人關心的只是一個人的工作能力,依據經濟利益來決定是否予以安排、利用或丟棄。家庭則是一張大檢驗台。若工作的安排拿家庭作抵押品,甚至阻礙家庭的生活經歷,那我們便能肯定地說,人類社會已開始與自己作對!</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在這種形勢下,基督徒家庭面臨著一項巨大挑戰,領受了一份艱巨使命。她們推行實踐天主的創造原則:人的身份、人際關係、繁衍子嗣,以及透過工作化土地為家園、化世界為可居之所。失去這些原則將是十分嚴重的事,我們的共同家園中已有太多裂痕!我們任重而道遠。有時候,基督徒家庭面對目前的社會就猶如達味面對巨人哥肋雅,但我們知道這場戰鬥的結局!這需要信德和機智。在此歷史性艱困時刻,願天主引領我們以喜悅和希望回應祂的召喚,祂召喚我們去工作,好使我們自己和我們的家人享有尊嚴。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">2015</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年</span><span lang="EN-GB">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">月</span><span lang="EN-GB">19</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">日</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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原載於:<a href="http://zht.radiovaticana.va/news/2015/08/20/%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97%E6%96%B9%E6%BF%9F%E5%90%842015%E5%B9%B48%E6%9C%8819%E6%97%A5%E9%80%B1%E4%B8%89%E8%A6%81%E7%90%86%E8%AC%9B%E6%8E%88%E5%85%A8%E6%96%87%EF%BC%9A%E5%AE%B6%E5%BA%AD%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C/1166396">梵蒂岡電台網站</a></div>
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載於:<span style="font-family: PMingLiU, serif;">《</span>信訊雙週刊<span style="font-family: PMingLiU, serif;">》</span>第287期</div>
天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-48913943529762356652016-03-12T01:37:00.000+08:002016-03-12T05:11:45.647+08:00太陽底下有新事!<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">古經今讀</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">丙年四旬期第五主日</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">太陽底下有新事!</span></h2>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">讀經一:依</span><span lang="EN-GB">43:16-21<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">雖然垂暮之年的訓道者曾說過:「太陽之下決無新事」(訓</span><span lang="EN-GB">1:9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">),但今天禮儀似乎想藉依撒意亞先知的說話提醒我們:只要有上主,就能有新事!特別是在進入聖週前的最後一個主日,這點思想尤其值得反思。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">但誠如本欄一直強調的,為求能獲取聖經文本中更深層的思想,則要盡量避免斷章取義,要了解語境和歷史背景。因此,今天我們會把</span><span lang="EN-GB">14-15</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節一起讀。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】上主</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: PMingLiU;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">你們的救贖者</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: PMingLiU;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">以色列的聖者這樣說了:</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">「為了你們的緣故,我已派[使者]到巴比倫</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">,我已使逃亡者們</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">,[使]他們全數下去[=上船(逃走)?]</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">,加色丁人都在呼叫之船上。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">15</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】我</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: PMingLiU;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">上主</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: PMingLiU;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">你們的聖者</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: PMingLiU;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">以色列的創造者</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: PMingLiU;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">你們的君王」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">希伯來句子「</span><span lang="EN-GB">šillaḥtî
ḇāḇelâ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. I [have] sent into Babylon</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">),字義:「我[已]派了往巴比倫中去」。無錯,大家馬上會問:「上主派了誰呢?」。文中動詞確實沒有受詞。其實,按舊約希伯來語的用法,如果是主人長上要完成某事而派人去,而那使者是毋需指明的話,一般從略。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">希伯來名詞複數「</span><span lang="EN-GB">bārîḥîm</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」。要弄清楚這名詞是相當複雜的,因為聖經學者要從這複數形式推斷其單數原貌。一般來說這並非難事,但有時看似一樣的字符卻是不同的字。例如英語動詞不定式(</span><span lang="EN-GB">infinitive</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)「</span><span lang="EN-GB">to lie</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」,既可能是「</span><span lang="EN-GB">lie,
lying, lied, lied</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」(說謊),又可能是「</span><span lang="EN-GB">lie, lying,
lay, lain</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」(躺下、位於)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">回到「</span><span lang="EN-GB">bārîḥîm</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」。一般來說,可行的選擇有二:一)</span><span lang="EN-GB">bǝrîaḥ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit.
bar, bolt</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">),指「門閂、橫戌[音:恤]」。不少譯本都偏向此譯法,如《</span><span lang="EN-GB">Difusora
Bíblica</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">》:</span><span lang="EN-GB">os
ferrolhos</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">。此譯法大概來自《拉丁通行本》的「</span><span lang="EN-GB">vectes</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」(單:</span><span lang="EN-GB">vectis</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">=門閂)。此譯的問題在於,希伯來動詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">y-r-d</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」(上譯:使</span><span lang="EN-GB">…</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">下去),本義是「下來、下去」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">to come
down, to go down</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">),如:「約納卻下到[</span><span lang="EN-GB">y-r-d</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">]船艙,躺下沈睡了」(納</span><span lang="EN-GB">1:5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">;思高譯)。但動詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">y-r-d</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」從不解作打斷、破壞,極其量只解作一個城池的陷落(申</span><span lang="EN-GB">20:20</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">末句:「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʿad
ridtāh</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」[</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. until she [= the city] comes down [=falls]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">])。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">因此,現在學界一般傾向第二個選項:「</span><span lang="EN-GB">bāriaḥ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">fugitive,
the fleeing one</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)=逃亡者。與選項一不同,選項二能夠與句中動詞配合。因為動詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">y-r-d</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」除了本義「下來、下去」外,還可引申解「登船」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">to
embark</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。這譯法也得到舊約古希臘語譯本《七十賢士》本的支持:「</span><span lang="EN-GB">φεύγοντας
</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">pheugontas</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">=</span><span lang="EN-GB">those
fleeing [accusative]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。故上譯。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【雖然當代粵語非我專業,但就我所知,現在人們多稱登船為上船,概因現在客船船身龐大,客艙甲板較碼頭地面為高,登船時要稍稍向上走,因此登船稱為上船。但古時客船一般細小,載客量不高。同時,甲板低於渡頭(古時的小碼頭)。因此,登船就稱為下船(粵:落船)。事實上,(特別以往)不少古裝戲劇中,渡頭送別的戲碼都稱登船為落船的。特別提出這點,我的用意是想指出,其實希伯來語的思考概念,有不少是與中文呼應的。】</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">在這只有兩節長的段落中,只有一句長的巴比倫陷落宣告由各一句長的上主名稱所夾住。這些名稱都指出了上主想與以色列子民建立一種怎麼樣的關係。這意義也為理解夾在中間的宣告提供框架。巴比倫的覆亡是「為了你們的緣故」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">從《第二依撒意亞》開書起(依第四十章),在這裏首次提到巴比倫。其實,在古近東歷史中,論國土,巴比倫不算是大帝國;論國祚,巴比倫也不算長。從拿步高在主前</span><span lang="EN-GB">605</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">大勝埃及起,到主前</span><span lang="EN-GB">539</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">年就被波斯王居魯士所滅。然而,在舊約中,巴比倫就成了終極敵人的象徵。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">在這段艱難時期中,看似是政治與軍事力量主宰歷史。但拿步高不過是上主派去懲戒以色列人的奴僕(見耶</span><span lang="EN-GB">25:9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。現在,祂卻已派了居魯士去解救以民。主宰歷史的,真的是人世間的政權的嗎?非也,是上主!因此,人真正應該信靠和聽從的,應向之求救的,是那一連串裝載著神聖許諾的名號。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">正正因此,框著巴比倫滅亡宣告的,是上主的一連串名號。祂最終證明了自己是忠於盟約的天主。「上主</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: PMingLiU;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">你們的救贖者</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: PMingLiU;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">以色列的聖者</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: PMingLiU;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">你們的聖者</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: PMingLiU;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">以色列的創造者</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: PMingLiU;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">你們的君王」,可見天主的名號,祂的身份,因為盟約的緣故,已與『我們』不可分割。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">16</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】上主(這樣說了)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: PMingLiU;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">祂那在海中設置道路的</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: PMingLiU;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">在大水中[設置]途徑的</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: PMingLiU;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">17</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】祂那把戰車、戰馬、軍隊和戰士引出來的</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">他們躺下而不會再[站]起來,他們滅絕了,就像被熄滅了的燈芯</span><span lang="EN-GB">───</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">[這樣說了]</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*3]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">:</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">18</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】「願你們不要[再]記著以往的[事物]!舊時的[事]願你們不要[再]思慮!【</span><span lang="EN-GB">19</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】看啊!我正要做(一件)新的[事物],現在它[就]會出現。你們不知道它嗎?的確,我要在曠野中設置道路,在荒漠中[設置]河流。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">20</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】田野的生物</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*4]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">會尊敬我,以及豺狼和鴕鳥[也會尊敬我]。因為我已把水放在曠野中,[把]河流[放在]荒漠中,為給我的選民水喝。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】這人民是我為自己而創造的。他們將宣報我的讚歌」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*3] </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">一般來說,先知文學中的「訊使句式」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">the
messenger formula</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)是簡短的:「上主這樣說了」(英:</span><span lang="EN-GB">Thus
said YHWH</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">;葡:</span><span lang="EN-GB">Eis o
que diz o SENHOR</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。但第</span><span lang="EN-GB">16-17</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節的一系列分詞子句(</span><span lang="EN-GB">participial
clauses</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">),如</span><span lang="EN-GB">16</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節中的第二句:「</span><span lang="EN-GB">hannôtēn
bayōm dārek</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. the
[one] giving in the sea a way/road</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">=祂那在海中設置道路的),現代譯文多譯作關係子句(</span><span lang="EN-GB">relative
clauses</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">),如《</span><span lang="EN-GB">DB</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">》:</span><span lang="EN-GB">que
outrora abriu um caminho através do mar</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit.
that[=who] once opened a way/road through the sea</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">=祂那曾開闢一條道路貫穿大海)。從文法上看,這些子句沒可能是上主訊息的內容。事實上,把訊使句式延伸,以包括一系列用來形容上主的子句的現象,在《二依》中並不罕見(如:</span><span lang="EN-GB">42:5;
45:18</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。換言之,上主訊息在第</span><span lang="EN-GB">18</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節才正式開始。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*4] </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">希伯來名詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ḥayyâ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit.
living thing</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">),來自動詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ḥ-y-h</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">to live,
be alive</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)=活著、生存。</span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">開這段的兩節重提以色列之所以成為一個民族的一次大解放運動:出谷事件。但在第</span><span lang="EN-GB">19</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節中,《二依》卻直截了當地說,與上主將要做的新事比起來,連出谷事件也要黯然失色。這引出的問題當然是:這新事是甚麼?它又如何較出谷事件更輝煌?</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> 其實,這裏行文的真正意思是,在出谷事件中上主所彰顯的力量以及祂對以色列民的信實,就說明祂必定有能力,而且一定會,把以民從巴比倫手裏解救出來。尤有甚者,事情的發展只會更出乎意料。以民毋需再期待火雲二柱引路,因為上主已經開好了路。以民也不再需懇求水源奇跡,祂已在荒野中準備好水源了。路上的情況根本好比伊甸園。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">但事情的發展又是否真的如此?當然,以民回鄉的事,進展是無阻的(見《厄斯德拉上》)。但只其實是因為波斯王居魯士的諭令罷了。在舊約其他地方,我們找不到有關這次回鄉中,有發生過甚麼驚為天人的事。相反,根據《哈蓋》第一章,那些回鄉的以民經歷了一段困難的時間。如此說來,一切只是《二依》的一廂情願嗎?難道這就是那連出谷事件都要黯然失色的新事的結局嗎?荷籍舊約學者古勒(</span><span lang="EN-GB">Koole,
1997:324</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)的答案很值得參考。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> 他指出,如果我們只看事情的表面的話,的確,一切不似預期。但想深一層,與舊事相比,這次實有新奇之處。首先,讓我們回望第</span><span lang="EN-GB">17</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節。那裏所描寫的一幕,是多麼的慘不忍睹。上主藉「大水」解救以色列,以「大水」對大軍,結果屍橫遍野。後來以色列民立邦安頓的行動,也好不了多少。在征服應許之地時,對原居民所做的,堪稱屠殺。達味,也有一雙沾滿鮮血的手。上主的使者,也殺死了不少亞述人,數目高達十八萬五千(依</span><span lang="EN-GB">37:36</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。與這種舊式的政治軍事解放(及其代價)相比,上主這次要行的事的確新穎。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">以往,敵對的人,結局只有一個:「他們滅絕了,就像被熄滅了的燈芯」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">43:17</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。但現在,在上主的僕人「將熄的燈心,他不熄滅」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">42:3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)的時候,新時代正式揭開序幕。不會再有生靈塗炭於海中,反而眾生都將敬仰上主,傳頌祂的讚歌。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">除此之外,新事還發生在靈性層面。上主不單終於再次親口稱以色列民為「我的選民」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">20</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節),更強調:「這人民是我為自己而創造的」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節)(另見耶</span><span lang="EN-GB">31:31ff.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">;則</span><span lang="EN-GB">36:22ff.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。由此看來,怎能說上主今次所行之事沒有新穎、毫不壯麗!</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">願上主祝福你、守護你,願上主使祂的臉光照你,施恩於你,願上主仰起臉眷顧你,賜你平安!(戶</span><span lang="EN-GB">6:24-26</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">梁展熙</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">參考書目:</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<ul>
<li>Koehler, Ludwig, Walter Baumgartner, M. E. J.
Richardson, and Johann Jakob Stamm. <i>The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old
Testament</i>. Leiden; New York: E.J. Brill, 1999.</li>
<li>Koole, Jan L. <i>Isaiah III</i>. Vol 1 / Isaiah
40¬—48. Kampen: Kok Pharos, 1997.</li>
</ul>
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<br />
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<span lang="EN-GB">載於:</span><span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">《</span>信訊雙週刊<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">》</span>第287期</div>
天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-14056484897349647052016-03-05T01:34:00.000+08:002016-03-05T01:34:00.859+08:00世代交替<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">古經今讀</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">丙年四旬期第四主日</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">世代交替</span></h2>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">讀經一:蘇</span><span lang="EN-GB">5:9a,10-12<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">今天的禮儀安排,因著某些原因,只聚焦於整個故事的後半部分。如果完整地把這故事(</span><span lang="EN-GB">5:2-12</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)讀一遍的話,我們就發現,這段敘述要處理的,是以色列民如何遵行兩個非常重要的儀式,兩個都跟天主與祂子民的盟約有關,也就是割損和逾越。雖然文中未有直接提及「盟約」二字,但從《舊約》的大脈絡來看(尤見《創》第十七章和《出》十二章),這兩儀式與盟約之間的關係自是顯而易見的。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】那時候,上主對若蘇厄說:「你要親自製作石刀!去再次替以色列子民割損!」</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】若蘇厄便製作了利刀。他便在包皮山丘替以色列子民割損了。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*1] </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">希伯來原文「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʿărālôt</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」,是名詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʿārlâ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」的複數。而這名詞的本義就是包皮(</span><span lang="EN-GB">foreskin</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。大概是為委婉之故,不少譯本都棄意譯擇音譯(如思高的阿辣羅特山丘)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">如果我們不去質疑《若蘇厄書》的時序的話,即我們把第</span><span lang="EN-GB">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節中的「那時候」理解為指第三至四章所描寫的事的話(</span><span lang="EN-GB">4:19</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">:「正月初十」),則這次大規模的割損與逾越慶典(</span><span lang="EN-GB">5:10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">:「那月的第十四天」)之間,只差三天。可想而知,在慶典舉行之時,傷口的痛楚仍未完全散去。但這似乎無阻他們參與慶典。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">上主要若蘇厄製作的,是「石刀」(見出</span><span lang="EN-GB">4:25</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。這似乎反映出這儀式時代久遠,在人們較多用石塊(本義:燧石)而不是用金屬來切割的時代就已開始。割損禮,按《申命紀》的說法(</span><span lang="EN-GB">10:16; 30:6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">),是為標誌上主與以色列之間的盟約關係而建立的(創</span><span lang="EN-GB">17:11</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。這儀式本是把八天大的以色列男嬰的包皮割去。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">上主對若蘇厄的命令:「你要親自再次替以色列子民割損!」,乍聽起來很奇怪。割禮怎能行兩次呢?但根據第</span><span lang="EN-GB">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節,所有從埃及離開的以色列民都已受了割損。知道這資訊,我們便明白上主的命令。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">接著,若蘇厄執行了上主的命令。他製了石刀,並在包皮山(見</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)上為以色列民行了割損禮。旁述在這裏用的,大概是學界所稱的預寫法(</span><span lang="EN-GB">proleptic</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">),指出這山丘是因為這次事件而得名的。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】這就是若蘇厄進行割損的理由:從埃及出來的整個人民中的男性,[即]所有[能上]戰場的人,[都]在曠野中、在離開埃及的路上死去了。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】所有出來的人民都是受了割損的。[但]所有出曠野中、在他們離開埃及途中所出生的[人]都尚未割損。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】因為以色列子民在曠野裏走了四十年,直至所有人,那些從埃及出來的[能上]戰場的人,那些不聽上主聲音,都[死]盡了。上主曾對他們發誓,祂將不會讓他們看見那土地,那[塊]祂曾向他們祖先發誓要給他們的[土地],一片流著奶和蜜的土地。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】祂高舉了他們的子孫,取代他們的位置。若蘇厄所割損的就是他們[=子孫]。因為他們仍有包皮</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">,因為他們在路上未受割損。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*2] </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">希伯來形容詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʿărēl</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」,很明顯是與名詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʿārlâ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」(包皮)字源相同。幸見《思高》於此並沒委婉,反而葡譯本《</span><span lang="EN-GB">Difusora Bíblica</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">》則取委婉譯法:「</span><span lang="EN-GB">incircunciso</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」。</span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">於此,這段敘述為這次大規模割損作出解釋。文字提醒我們:「從埃及出來的整個人民中的男性,即所有能上戰場的人,都在曠野中、在離開埃及的路上死去了」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節)。往後數節將會解釋這是甚麼意思。至少,這馬上讓我們記起,以色列民在曠野浪蕩期間的作反(見戶</span><span lang="EN-GB">14:28-32</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。可見,這段落極富勸告意味。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">第</span><span lang="EN-GB">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節必須與第</span><span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節一起讀,因為後者給予我們前者的史觀背景:曠野中浪蕩四十年。在這段時間內,那些從埃及出來的成年人都已死光了。後者又提到以民不聽從上主的聲音。這使我們記得戶第十四章以及那十二偵探的故事。已故荷籍舊約學者華斯特拉(</span><span lang="EN-GB">Woudstra, 1981:101</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)認為,也許作者的意思是,由人民違抗上主所招致的浪蕩時期,是一段天怒的時間,因此天主與以色列之間的盟約標記不能施行。至於舊約總體來說對這段曠野時期的看法,時好時惡(試比較歐</span><span lang="EN-GB">2:16[14]; 13:4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">;耶</span><span lang="EN-GB">2:2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">與則</span><span lang="EN-GB">20:6-26</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">;詠第一0六篇)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">第</span><span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節的重要性,也在於它一方面肯定了,那曾向以民祖先發誓要給予他們一塊流著奶和蜜的土地的上主,同時也是那發誓不會讓他們有眼看那塊土地的上主。這就說明了上主的盟約許諾是有條件的,只是這與恩寵之上原則未必有所抵觸而已。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">天主對以民祖先的誓言載於創</span><span lang="EN-GB">15; 22:16-18; 26:3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">;出</span><span lang="EN-GB">32:13</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">。天主恩待以色列的做法,見於「祂高舉了他們的子孫,取代他們的位置」。由此看來,在先知文學中相當突出的遺民復興思想,早已在出谷和征服事件中埋下種子。這一段以第</span><span lang="EN-GB">7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節的「若蘇厄所割損的就是他們。因為他們仍有包皮」作結。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】當所有人完成了割損,他們留在帳營下,直到他們康復為止。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">由於沒有麻醉技術、切割用具簡陋、技巧不及今天,讓割損儀式的痛楚(見創</span><span lang="EN-GB">34:25</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)迫使人們留在住處,一段時間之內難以走動。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】上主便對若蘇厄說:「今天,我從你們[身上]滾走了</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*3]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">埃及的恥辱」。他便稱那地方的名字為基耳加耳</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*4]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">,直到今天。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*3] </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">希伯來動詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">g-l-l</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. to roll away [like a stone]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">),本義:[如石頭般]滾走。如見:「你們把幾塊大石滾(</span><span lang="EN-GB">g-l-l</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)到洞口」(蘇</span><span lang="EN-GB">10:18</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">;《思高》譯)。葡譯本《</span><span lang="EN-GB">DB</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">》取了個折衷的譯法:</span><span lang="EN-GB">tirar</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(=</span><span lang="EN-GB">to take away, to remove</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">),即:拿走、移除。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*4] </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">希伯來名詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">gilgāl</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」,來自動詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">g-l-l</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」,見</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*3]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">。</span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">想深一層,我也同意美籍舊約學者克理察(</span><span lang="EN-GB">Creach, 2003:56</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)的看法:《蘇》第五章的故事,雖然具體內容是割損和(下面的)逾越,但其實它的真正的課題很可能是世代交替。割損禮發生的時間點:「那時候」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節),指的是剛剛渡過了約但河(三至四章)的時候</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">以河為分野的兩代人,一邊是注定過不了河的,親身經歷出谷的一代,以梅瑟為代表;另一邊是出生(或成長)於曠野四十年浪蕩路上的一代,以若蘇厄為代表。再加上故事明確把地點定在基耳加耳</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">是個過了約但河之後就到的地方(見地圖上的吉甲[=基耳加耳])。事實上,基耳加耳(</span><span lang="EN-GB">Gilgal</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)是來自動詞「滾走」(見</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*4]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">和</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*3]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。換言之,這地方是因為若蘇厄在那裏為以民割損從而「滾走了(</span><span lang="EN-GB">g-l-l</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)埃及的恥辱」而得名的。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">至於「埃及的恥辱」意何所指,學界仍未有定案。但可能性有三。一)《創》曾有提過雅各伯的女兒要嫁給一個「沒有受割損」的人是一種恥辱(創</span><span lang="EN-GB">34:14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。但這無法放進蘇的脈絡,以作解釋。故不通。二)是較常見的說法,認為這恥辱指的是以色列子民在埃及所作的奴役</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【澳門教區主日彌撒經書更刻意加上「(為奴)」,以作強調】。此說的難點在於,以色列民早在離開埃及時,已不再受埃及的具體奴役所壓榨。三)是埃及人的揶揄。此說尤見於《戶》第十四章。話說在曠野期間,以色列民思埃及病忽然又發作。上主大怒,欲降瘟疫滅之。梅瑟對說:「埃及人如果聽說這事,</span><span lang="EN-GB">……</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">必要議論說:『由於上主不能引這民族進入他對他們所誓許的地方,就在曠野將他們殺了』」(戶</span><span lang="EN-GB">14:13-16</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。換言之,以民得進應許之地,自是堵住了這些流言。畢竟,誠如我在前一兩篇中曾提到過的,真正的施救</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">尤其在政治經濟層面</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">出手把受害者解除險境(</span><span lang="EN-GB">rescue from</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)只是任務的一半,還要讓受害者能夠好好生活(</span><span lang="EN-GB">rescue to</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)才是真正的大功告成。言則,出離埃及屬前者,現在以民終於進入應許之地則是為後者。四)是以色列子民的信心不足,以至他們要不自製神祗,要不時常嚷著要回埃及。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> 雖然解釋是眾說紛紜,但除了明顯說不通的(一)之外,其實餘下三說是可以並駕齊驅的。的確,它們並不互相抵觸。而且,如克理察所言(</span><span lang="EN-GB">57</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">),《若蘇厄書》的神學觀是由多角度構成的。《蘇》認為親身離開埃及的那一代以色列人未能真正擺脫埃及奴役束縛的烙印。這是因為他們在得到擁抱應許之地的自由(=</span><span lang="EN-GB">return</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">=機遇)之前他們不願意接受當中所涉及的風險(=</span><span lang="EN-GB">risk</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">=危機)。到此,財務管理教科書中的一句常見金句就可幫助我們理解這狀況:「</span><span lang="EN-GB">risk and return go hand in hand</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」(=風險回報並肩同行)(如見:</span><span lang="EN-GB">Chandra, 2008:204</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。其實,套用中國傳統的話,就是:「不入虎穴,焉得虎子」(《後漢書</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: PMingLiU;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">班超傳》)而已。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> 一以貫之,親身出離埃及的那一代,背負著他們一生也放不下的恥辱</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">或更好說包袱,因此他們必須被判『死刑』,不得眼看上主諾言的兌現:進入應許之地。這件憾事,唯有由下一代來完成。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】以色列子民便在基耳加耳紮了營。他們便在那月的第十四天、在傍晚、在耶里哥平原上舉行了逾越節。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">11</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】正正就在那一天,在逾越節的翌日,他們便吃了大地的產物、無酵餅和烤穀。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">12</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】第二天,當他們吃了大地的產物時,瑪納便停了。以色列子民不再有瑪納。那一年,他們便吃客納罕地的出產。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">已受割損,是參與逾越慶典的先決條件(見出</span><span lang="EN-GB">12:48</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。雖然敘述中並沒有明確地把割損禮和逾越節連起來,但在</span><span lang="EN-GB">2-7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節行文中多次提到出離埃及,再加上在較早前(</span><span lang="EN-GB">4:23</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)有提到「紅海」,似乎已暗中讓讀者思路為逾越慶典作好準備。因此,「以色列子民便在基耳加耳紮了營。他們便</span><span lang="EN-GB">……</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">舉行了逾越節」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節)。逾越節的含意早在《出》第十二章已有所解釋:它紀念毀滅使者(天主的使者=[俗稱]天使)在殺死埃及地上的一切首生的同時,越過以色列民的家門,讓他們免於災難一事。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> 這次逾越節是在當月的第十四個傍晚舉行。這個月是以色列曆一年的第一個月(見</span><span lang="EN-GB">4:19</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。舉行的地點是「耶里哥平原」。如地圖所示,這平原是在約但河和基耳加耳(圖中=吉甲)附近。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> 到這一刻,曠野時期終於結束。「正正就在那一天,在逾越節的翌日,他們便吃了大地的產物、無酵餅和烤穀」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">11</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節)。根據肋</span><span lang="EN-GB">23:6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">,無酵節在此月的第十五天開始,為期七天。在人們吃大地初果之前,必須先交由祭司獻祭(見肋</span><span lang="EN-GB">23:10-11, 14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。這裏並沒有交代儀式的細節。看來,作者關心的是事情發展的三大步驟:逾越慶典、取食客納罕地出產,以及支持以民浪蕩曠野的瑪納終於停止。換言之,作者想強調的,是一個新開始已展現眼前。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> 全段的最後一節,補充了重要的一點:瑪納的停止。然後,該節再重申:「以色列子民不再有瑪納。那一年,他們便吃客納罕地的出產」。這標誌著一個時代的結束,同時又是一個新時代的開始。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">世代交替的過程是緩慢的。兩代之間的利益和價值時有重疊。正正因此,這故事(蘇</span><span lang="EN-GB">5:2-12</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)所提出的觀點是驚人的:曠野的那一整代人,一個也進不了應許之地!當然,有他們在曠野中的叛變故事(戶</span><span lang="EN-GB">14:30</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">;申</span><span lang="EN-GB">1:35</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)在先,這樣終極的決裂也是有跡可尋的。然而,到了蘇</span><span lang="EN-GB">5:2-12</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">,曠野時代正式告終:不得進入應許之地的一代,與已然進入應許之地的新一代之間的鴻溝</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">過約但河</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">已經出現。這是本書要點</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">除著梅瑟之死,他的那代人的時代也已進入倒數(蘇</span><span lang="EN-GB">1:1-2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">的具體實現。這世代交替的過程由三部分組成:首先,若蘇厄替那些在曠野出生的以色列人割損,這樣就清楚表示,所有與梅瑟一同出離埃及的已受割損的人已經全數死去(</span><span lang="EN-GB">5:2-9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">);然後,若蘇厄帶領剛剛受了割損的以色列民舉行首個在客納罕地(=應許之地)中的逾越節;最後,這次慶典同時觸發那支撐以民曠野生活的瑪納的正式停止。至此,世代交替正式完成。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> 願上主祝福你、守護你,願上主使祂的臉光照你,施恩於你,願上主仰起臉眷顧你,賜你平安!(戶</span><span lang="EN-GB">6:24-26</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">梁展熙</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">參考書目:</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<ul>
<li>Chandra, Prasanna. <i>Financial Management: Theory and Practice</i>. 7th edition. New Delhi: McGraw-Hill, 2008.</li>
<li>Koehler, Ludwig, Walter Baumgartner, M. E. J. Richardson, and Johann Jakob Stamm. <i>The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament</i>. Leiden; New York: E.J. Brill, 1999.</li>
<li>Woudstra, Marten H. <i>The Book of Joshua.</i> The New International Commentary on the Old Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1981.</li>
</ul>
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載於:<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">《</span>信訊雙週刊<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">》</span>第287期</div>
天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-75147317434808770742016-03-04T17:57:00.000+08:002016-03-04T17:57:46.870+08:00節假日<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">教宗方濟各</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">週三要理講授</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">論家庭之十九</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節假日</span></h2>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">親愛的弟兄姐妹,早晨!</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyuqbNWnOC3X8WGh3mrQUHjOGmkJzm3HCq90f1ujCLdm8MV6Se8edWcHYH5wX9eV9R_QJODWgj6gr7B358S4BrY4-6X5vkQdvHQ5VotGyahf9JTWxuXr1MHWi8IvPdFtQBQbWyP9P9iMU/s1600/OSSROM61269_Articolo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyuqbNWnOC3X8WGh3mrQUHjOGmkJzm3HCq90f1ujCLdm8MV6Se8edWcHYH5wX9eV9R_QJODWgj6gr7B358S4BrY4-6X5vkQdvHQ5VotGyahf9JTWxuXr1MHWi8IvPdFtQBQbWyP9P9iMU/s320/OSSROM61269_Articolo.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">今天我們踏上一條省思的小徑,談談所謂的</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">敲響</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">生活節拍的三要素:節假日、工作和祈禱。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我們從節假日開始。今天我們將談談節假日。首先要聲明一點,節假日是天主的一項發明。我們記得《創世紀》敘述造物工程的記載中最後寫道,剛才我們也已聽到:</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">到第七天,天主造物的工程已完成,就在第七天休息,停止了所作的一切工程。天主祝福了第七天,定為聖日,因為這一天,天主停止了祂所行的一切創造工作</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(</span>2:2-3<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。天主親自教導我們,花些時間默觀和享受完善工作的成果是多麼重要。我所說的工作,當然不僅局限於營生和職業;從更加廣泛的層面講,工作包括我們人類能夠与天主造化工程通力合作的一切行動。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">因此,節假日不是懶洋洋地坐在沙發上或一醉方休那種毫無意義的消遣。不是的!節假日首先是懷著愛慕和感激之情端詳圓滿完成的工作,慶祝一項工作。新婚夫婦們,你們也在慶祝訂婚美好時期的工作,這多美啊!節假日也是注視正在成長的子女或姪孫的時間,心裡想道:真美啊!它是注視我們的家、我們接待的朋友、我們周圍團體的時間,心裡想道:多麽好的事啊!天主在創造世界時這樣做了,祂也將繼續這麼做,因為天主不停地創造,此時此刻亦如此!</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">某個節假日或許恰逢我們遭遇艱難或痛苦的情况,假期過得</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">苦不堪言</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。然而,即使在這樣的情況下,我們仍要向天主祈求力量,不讓光陰白白流逝。在場的媽媽爸爸們深有體會:多少次,你們為了愛子女而按捺下心中的不悅,讓子女能好好地度過假期,享受生活的美好!這其中含有多大的愛啊!</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">即使在工作環境中,我們也會在不耽誤工作的情況下,偶爾</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">忙裡偷閒</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:慶祝生日,參加婚禮,祝賀新生命的誕生,以及舉行歡送或迎新的活動等等。這些很重要。享受節假日非常重要。這是在生產機器轉動的環境中的融洽時刻,對人有益處。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">暫停職業工作的節假日是神聖時間,因為它提醒男人和女人,他們是天主的肖像。天主不是工作的奴隸,而是上主,因此我們也絕不該做工作的奴隸,而是</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">主人</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。這是一條誡命,一條人人須遵守的誡命,無人例外!然而,眾所周知,有數百萬男人和女人,甚至兒童淪為工作的奴隸!此時此刻,仍有奴隸存在!他們受剝削,是工作的奴隸,這違背天主,違背人性尊嚴!貪戀經濟利益和技術效能主義,很可能將擾亂生命的人性節奏,因為生命有自己的人性節奏。休息日,尤其是主日是讓我們用來享受不生產不消費、不買不賣的樂趣。可是,我們看到利潤和消費的思想意識也想吃掉節假日:節假日有時被貶為一種</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">生意</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,一種賺錢和花錢的方式。難道我們就為此而工作嗎?貪圖消費便導致浪費,它是惡性病毒,最終使我們比先前更加疲倦。它損害真正的工作,並消耗生命。節假日失常的節奏往往使青年受害。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">最後,節假日的時間是神聖的,因為天主以獨特的方式臨在其中。主日感恩聖事把耶穌基督的一切恩寵帶入節假日內:祂的臨在,祂的愛,祂的犧牲,祂使我們成為一個團體,祂與我們同在。如此一來,工作、家庭、喜悅、每日的勞苦,以及受難和死亡等一切事物,均獲得了自身圓滿的意義;萬物在基督的恩寵內煥然一新。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">家庭具有卓越的能力來了解、指導及扶持節假日的真正價值。合家過節真美,美好至極!在主日更是如此。難怪有人說,全家人一同過節才是善度佳節!</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">同樣的家庭生活,若我們用信德的眼光看,我們就會發現我們所付出的辛勞實在微不足道。我們會發現它有如一件純樸的傑作,美麗正是因為它不嬌柔造作、不虛偽,而且能夠融合真實生命的方方面面。我們會發現它就如天主在創造了男人和女人後所說的</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">樣樣都很好</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(參:創</span>1:31<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。可見,節假日是天主的寶貴禮物,是天主賜予人類家庭的寶貴禮物:我們不可毀掉這禮物!</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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2015<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年</span>8<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">月</span>12<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">日</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">載於:《信訊雙週刊》第287期</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: PMingLiU, serif;">截自:<a href="http://zht.radiovaticana.va/news/2015/08/13/%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97%E6%96%B9%E6%BF%9F%E5%90%842015%E5%B9%B48%E6%9C%8812%E6%97%A5%E9%80%B1%E4%B8%89%E8%A6%81%E7%90%86%E8%AC%9B%E6%8E%88%E5%85%A8%E6%96%87%EF%BC%9A%E5%AE%B6%E5%BA%AD%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E7%AF%80%E5%81%87%E6%97%A5/1164854">梵蒂岡電台網頁</a></span></div>
天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-52968823554431455732016-02-27T14:13:00.000+08:002016-02-28T14:14:10.092+08:00梅瑟的召叫 上主的名字<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">丙年四旬期第三主日</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">梅瑟的召叫 上主的名字</span></h2>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">讀經一:出</span><span lang="EN-GB">3:1-8a,13-15<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">今天的讀經一,包含著幾乎是舊約中最重要的一節。因此,我不得不把其脈絡完整地呈現,而非只跟隨禮儀的精簡版。但因篇幅所限,闡述定然未能全面。唯望以後有機會補遺。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">好奇與召叫(</span><span lang="EN-GB">1-6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節)</span></h4>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】梅瑟正在牧放他的岳父、米德楊的司祭耶特洛的羊。他便把羊領到了曠野後面,他便來到了天主的山:曷勒布。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">天主選了曠野中的一座山作為啟示的地點:曷勒布。這名字的本義就值得玩味。曷勒布,音譯自希伯來語「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ḥorēb</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」,這字其實是動詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ḥ-r-b</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">to be in ruin, to dry up</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">=在荒廢的狀態、枯竭)的分詞式(</span><span lang="EN-GB">participle</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。換言之,要意譯的話,「曷勒布」可以譯作「荒山」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">這點細節重要嗎?未必最重要,但至少很有意思。梅瑟與天主的相遇,遠在人們習以為常的宗教體制和氛圍之外。附近既沒聖殿廟宇,也無神聖之地的指示牌,梅瑟大概意想不到自己會與神相遇。此外,與那些羊的主人不同,當時的梅瑟既非司祭也非先知。對他來說,那天本應是平凡的日常行程。換言之,天主選了一個非傳統、非宗教的環境來與人相遇,讓人親耳聆聽天主的說話,天主的旨意。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】上主的使者在荊棘叢中的火焰裏向他顯現。他便看了。那荊棘叢正在火中燃燒,[但]那荊棘叢沒有被吞噬。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】梅瑟便說:「讓我現在轉去看看這偉大的景象!為甚麼這荊棘叢不會燒掉?」</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】上主便看見了他轉過去看。天主便在荊棘叢中向他呼喊,祂便說:「梅瑟!梅瑟!」他便說:「我在這裏」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">在對話正式開始之前,旁述先繼續描寫將要對話的兩位主角人物。當然,(在平時閱讀聖經而非只在禮儀中)讀到這段文字的時候,讀者已經經歷了梅瑟的成長和逃亡。至於第二位人物,在荊棘叢中的火焰裏出現的天主使者,事實上,行文卻靜悄悄地告訴我們,那其實是上主的本尊(見其稱謂從本節的「上主的使者」轉到第</span><span lang="EN-GB">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節的「上主」)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">在這三節文字中所發生的旁述、梅瑟與天主之間的視角轉換,成功地吸引讀者進入敘述的張力之中。在第</span><span lang="EN-GB">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節中,旁述先讓讀者得知梅瑟一開頭所見到的:有一團荊棘叢正在燃燒但沒被燒掉的。這畫面的獨特之處並不在於正在燃燒的荊棘叢本身,而是這荊棘叢中火焰並沒有將之燒掉。然後,在第</span><span lang="EN-GB">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節中,旁述退開,讓梅瑟自己作出反應</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">這節可算是他的內心獨自=他對自己說的話。梅瑟轉去看看為何那荊棘叢沒有燒掉。有趣的是,梅瑟並沒有因這一幕而沒驚訝或驚恐,他反而被吸引過去了。只是這份吸引力與宗教信仰的因素完全無關。梅瑟只是起了好奇心,僅此而已。然而,天主利用了人的好奇心來達到自己的目的:從好奇到召叫(</span><span lang="EN-GB">Fretheim, 1991:54</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。到第</span><span lang="EN-GB">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節,行文轉到天主的視角。當天主看見梅瑟為求滿足自己好奇心而動身走過來時,祂便呼召他了。換言之,只有當梅瑟讓自己被這不尋常的一幕所吸引,這次奇遇才有可能發生。同時,旁述為讀者的視覺『提純』:那位使者現在被稱為「上主」和「天主」了。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAi0l7cQC8g8TpFKWu5p5vPcQLXmCH9yXYu4i4-KIZkeaNe1KMDfhOn2pY2WqbvQYzEk_FFgPdnGmSgJb77L8tceKlobl132puDuh71Y6g_-NkdfI2wdeiKX0Iecer_kYZbRdfuEP3hsI/s1600/%25E5%258F%25A4%25E7%25B6%2593%25E4%25BB%258A%25E8%25AE%2580+-+L+3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="227" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAi0l7cQC8g8TpFKWu5p5vPcQLXmCH9yXYu4i4-KIZkeaNe1KMDfhOn2pY2WqbvQYzEk_FFgPdnGmSgJb77L8tceKlobl132puDuh71Y6g_-NkdfI2wdeiKX0Iecer_kYZbRdfuEP3hsI/s320/%25E5%258F%25A4%25E7%25B6%2593%25E4%25BB%258A%25E8%25AE%2580+-+L+3.jpg" width="320" /></a><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】祂便說:「[你]不要接近這裏!從你雙腳上脫去你雙鞋!因為你正站在其上的地方是聖土」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʾadmat-qodeš</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">=</span><span lang="EN-GB">[arable] soil of holiness</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)!</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】祂便說:「我是你父祖的天主,亞巴郎的天主,依撒格的天主,雅各伯的天主」。梅瑟便藏起他的臉,因為他害怕望向天主。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">在看過奇觀,也知道了天主正在對他說話之後,梅瑟現在害怕了!他害怕甚麼?文字是清楚的:「他害怕『望向天主』」。他所經驗到的,不只是一把不見其人的、虛無縹緲的聲音,天主(的使者)實實在在的出現在他面前(見</span><span lang="EN-GB">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節)。那把聲音就是從那裏來的。梅瑟似乎知道,看見天主,是致死的。換言之,梅瑟對自己祖先的宗教遺訓相當熟悉(見創</span><span lang="EN-GB">16:13; 32:30</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> 那一片泥土現在已是神聖的,不是因為它一直都是神聖的,而只是因為天主的出現,同時因為這片泥土為天主有用。換言之,大自然的一個尋常部分得到聖化,撥出來讓天主特別使用。而這一次的聖化撥備並不只是一次性的,這地方將來也用得著。天主向梅瑟的顯現,使西乃</span><span lang="EN-GB"> / </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">曷勒布成為一個神聖的地方。因應著這地方的特質已經改變,梅瑟也要按習俗脫鞋以示尊敬(習俗見蘇</span><span lang="EN-GB">5:13-15</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">天主向梅瑟所作的自我介紹是:「我是『你』父祖的天主」。祂特別點出自己與梅瑟家族之間的關係。此外,天主刻意提到以色列先祖的名字,似乎旨在展示祂對梅瑟和他祖先的心思是始終如一的。可以說,《出谷紀》接下來要說的,既是梅瑟家族的故事,也是天主自己的故事。兩者根本分不開。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h4>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">派遣梅瑟(</span><span lang="EN-GB">7-12</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節)</span></h4>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】上主便說:「我的確看見了我的人民在埃及所受的苦,我聽到了他們在工頭面前的呼救,因為我知道了他們的痛苦。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】我便下了來從埃及[人]的手中搶救</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">他[=以民],把他從這地中帶出來,往那美好廣闊的、流著奶和蜜的土地去,往客納罕人、赫特人、阿摩黎人、培黎齊人、希威人和耶步斯人的地方去。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】現在,看啊!以色列子民的呼救已來到了我這裏。我甚至看見了埃及[人]壓迫在他們身上的壓迫。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】現在,[你]要去!讓我派你往法老那裏去![你]要把我的人民以色列子民從埃及中帶出來!」</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">希伯來動詞</span><span lang="EN-GB">n-ṣ-l</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. to snatch, to take away, to pull out</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">),本義:搶走、抓走、取走、拉出。</span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">天主與梅瑟之間的交流,在這段敘述中不斷往還。每次天主說話後,梅瑟都會作出回應(</span><span lang="EN-GB">3:6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">中的是肢體回應而非言語回應)。梅瑟從一開始的聽從(</span><span lang="EN-GB">4, 6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節)轉為猶疑(</span><span lang="EN-GB">11, 13</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節)</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">而且其實天主與梅瑟互動會一直延續到</span><span lang="EN-GB">4:17</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">。有趣的是,雖然天主能力無限,梅瑟沒有被天主的力量壓倒。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">美藉舊約學者費勒咸認為(</span><span lang="EN-GB">58</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">),天主與梅瑟之間的互動揭示了兩者各自的獨特性各。一方面,梅瑟的掙扎的真實的,這揭示出他根本沒有個人野心,且時也有領導潛能。畢竟,他在面對力量相差如此大的對方仍能勇敢說話,堅持己見。另一方面,天主的回應也顯示出祂是認真對待梅瑟的擔憂,並且具有異於常人的耐性。天主並沒有視梅瑟為自己旨意的奴隸,祂想要的並不是一個唯唯諾諾、沒有自我的梅瑟。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">不少學者提出,這四節是由兩段來自不同來源的文字合成,首要的證據是</span><span lang="EN-GB">7-8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">和</span><span lang="EN-GB">9-10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">在內容上是互相重覆的。當然,這是個可能成立的說法。不過,此兩者的重心其實不同。所以費勒咸提出,如果我們把它們合起來讀的話,在神學上反而可能是最適合的。把以色列領出埃及,是要天主(</span><span lang="EN-GB">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節)和梅瑟(</span><span lang="EN-GB">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節)合力完成的,缺一不可。的確,主動邀請梅瑟並派遣他的,是天主本身;但天主則需要透過梅瑟來成事。事實上,在事成之後,連以色列子民都明白到這次是神人合作的創舉:他們「信了上主和他的僕人梅瑟」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">14:31</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">此外,只有第</span><span lang="EN-GB">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節提到天主把以民領出來後,會把他們領到哪裏去:客納罕人的土地。拯救行動並非純粹移除壓迫的境況,同時也包括得到一塊土地、得到新的生活和祝福:「那美好廣闊的、流著奶和蜜的土地」。天主做事不會有頭無尾,把他們領了出來卻又任由他們在曠野裏流離失所。說到底,天主不只是把以民從凶惡悽慘中拯救出來,並把他們拯救到一個環境,讓他們能夠從拯救過渡到新生。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">11</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】梅瑟便對天主說:「我是誰?我會去法老那裏?我會把以色列子民從埃及帶出來?」</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">12</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】祂便說:「我將與你一起。這就是你的記號,[說明]我派遣了你。在你把這人民從埃及帶出來時,[你們]要在這座山上服侍天主!」</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">在第</span><span lang="EN-GB">11</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節中,梅瑟如此回應天主的邀請:「我是誰?</span><span lang="EN-GB">……</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">我會把以色列子民從埃及帶出來?」。梅瑟較早前的「我在這裏」現在卻成了「我是誰?」。一開始那種準備就緒的感覺,在得知任務詳情之後,就變成猶豫了。這是個多麼人性的回應!這是梅瑟八次拒絕天主的頭一次。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> 至於天主的反應,是既寶貴又困惑。一方面,祂承諾,無論梅瑟做甚麼,祂都將與他同行,陪伴在旁。梅瑟不會獨自面對高牆險阻。但另一方面,那「記號」是令人困惑的。這記號,按常理推斷,該是某種事或現象將可確認梅瑟的身份。但文字的意思卻很清楚地指這件確認梅瑟身份的事將在未來發生,即以色列在西乃山上朝拜上主。學界仍然對一個只會在任務完成之後才會發生的記號,如何確認梅瑟的身份。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">名字的意義(</span><span lang="EN-GB">13-22</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節)</span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">13</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】梅瑟便對天主說:「看啊!如果我進到以色列子民那裏,我對他們說:『你們父祖的天主派遣了我到你們這裏』。他們對我說:『祂的名字是甚麼?』我要對他們說甚麼?」</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】天主便對梅瑟說:「我[就]是那我[就]是的」</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">。祂便說:你要對以色列子民說:「『我[就]是』派遣了我到你們這裏」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">15</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】天主繼續對梅瑟說:「你要這樣對以色列子民說:『上主你父祖的天主,亞巴郎的天主,依撒格的天主,雅各伯的天主派遣了我到你們這裏』。這永遠[是]我的名字。這世世代代[是]我的稱號。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">16</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】[你要]去!聚集以色列的眾長老!你要對他們說:『上主你們父祖的天主,亞巴郎、依撒格和雅各伯的天主,曾向我顯現,說:我確實已注意到你們,以及你們在埃及被施加的事。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">17</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】我已說了:我要把你們從埃及的痛苦中帶出來,往客納罕人、赫特人、阿摩黎人、培黎齊人、希威人和耶步斯人的地方去,往那流著奶和蜜的土地去』。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">一般來說,名字只是個名詞。但事實上,天主的回應卻是一整個句子:</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʾehyeh ʾăšer ʾehyeh</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. “I am that/which/who I am” or “I will be that/which/who I will be”</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。故上譯。見葡譯本《</span><span lang="EN-GB">Difusora Bíblica</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">》:</span><span lang="EN-GB">«EU SOU AQUELE QUE SOU.»</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">。即使《拉丁通行本》的翻譯,也呼應希伯來原文:</span><span lang="EN-GB">ego sum qui sum</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(=</span><span lang="EN-GB">I am that/which/who am</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。《思高》的翻譯:「我是自有者」,看來是</span><span lang="EN-GB">(1)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">譯自舊約的古希臘語譯本《七十賢士本》:</span><span lang="EN-GB">ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ὤν</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(=</span><span lang="EN-GB">egō eimi ho ōn. Lit. “I am that [which is] being” or “I am (the) being”</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)或</span><span lang="EN-GB">(2)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">嘗試純粹意譯。詳見下文。</span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">繼他的「我是誰?」之後,梅瑟接續以問題來回應上主:「你是誰?」。當然,這不是完全的拒絕(見:「如果我</span><span lang="EN-GB">……</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」)。人類的提問,使天主更完滿的啟示自己。但同時,天主的啟示是為了讓梅瑟能夠充分地履行他的使命。可以說,天主的啟示是與人本身的處境息息相關的。然而,我們會發現到,更深入的認識天主,就會覺得祂更神秘、更難以認識。透過梅瑟,我們知道上主的名字了,但這名字根本撲朔迷離。借用古老的說法:你知道的愈多,你知道你不知道的也愈多。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">出</span><span lang="EN-GB">3:14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">可算是整本舊約中最令人大惑不解的一節。上主所給出的名字:「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʾehyeh ʾăšer ʾehyeh</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」,由動詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">h-y-h</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">to be</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">;在、是、有)的未完成式第一人稱單數重覆兩次再加上關係代名詞所組成。</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【事實上,我們慣稱的雅威(</span><span lang="EN-GB">yhwh</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">),論詞法是動詞的未完成式第三人稱單數,該動詞有可能是「</span><span lang="EN-GB">h-w-h</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">to become</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">;成為;見</span><span lang="EN-GB">Eichrodt 1957:117</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)】</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">。這句式似乎暗示天主對自己的信實:無論如何,天主都是天主。以色列毋需擔心天主會變卦。天主是可靠的,因為祂就是祂。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">那麼,天主把自己的名字給予以色列,又有何意義?意義就在於給予名字的是天主自己。天主並非由別人命名的。儘管這名字的含義我們不完全清楚。但給予名字這行動本身就已別具意義。有名字就等於可以與其他的人或神祗區分開來。此外,天主把自己的名字與梅瑟的祖先連在一起,意味著祂願意把自己與一段特定的歷史連繫起來。神的歷史與人的歷史彼此交融。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">給予名字這行動本身,也意味著某種關係。這行動不單有機會發展成一段親密的關係,更表達出對這樣的關係的渴望。一段彼此不知道名字的關係,就意味著彼此之間有距離。可以呼喚名字,意味著彼此關係親密熟絡。能夠呼喚名字,才可以有真正相遇,真正的溝通。換言之,藉著把自己名字告知梅瑟,天主讓以民</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">人類</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">可以與自己相遇,與自己溝通。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">18</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】他們會聽你的聲音(=聽從你)。你,以及以色列的眾長老,要進到埃及王那裏。你們要對他說:『上主</span><span lang="EN-GB">──</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">希伯來民的天主來了要與我們會面。現在,請讓我們走三天的路進入曠野,讓我們為上主我們的天主獻宰祭』。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">19</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】我已知道,埃及王不會讓你們走,除非藉強勁的手[段]。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">20</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】我要伸出我的手,我要藉我將在那裏行的奇事來打擊埃及。在那之後,他將把你們趕走。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】我要在埃及人雙眼中給予這人民恩惠偏愛,使得你們走的時候,不會[兩手]空空地走。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">22</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">】每個婦女都要從她的鄰居和她家中的旅居者那裏索要得到銀製器具、金製器具和長衣。你們要[把這些]放在你們的子女身上,你們要搶劫</span><span lang="EN-GB"> [*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">埃及」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">這數節,是從天主的角度來展望將來。但鑑於我們已知道往後的發展,我們也確定這些有關將來的說法並不絕對。天主向梅瑟保證,以民會聽從他。這在</span><span lang="EN-GB">4:30-31</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">發生了,但</span><span lang="EN-GB">6:9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">則不然。天主也宣佈,梅瑟要與長老們一起去見法老,但《出》在往後從沒提過長老們有與梅瑟一起見過法老。相反,在</span><span lang="EN-GB">4:29</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">和</span><span lang="EN-GB">5:1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">,亞郎取代了長老們的位置。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">這些細節,對於我們應如何理解天主的說話與將來事情的發展之間的關係十分重要。在天主講了有關將來的說話之後所發生的事,是會或多或少改變事情的發展。因為梅瑟在下一章會繼續婉拒天主的委派,天主就修改了祂的計劃,改為指派亞郎與他一起去(見</span><span lang="EN-GB">4:14-15</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)。可以說,將來並不會被鎖死在天主曾說過的一句話裏面。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">願上主祝福你、守護你,願上主使祂的臉光照你,施恩於你,願上主仰起臉眷顧你,賜你平安!(戶</span><span lang="EN-GB">6:24-26</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">梁展熙</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">參考書目:</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<ul>
<li>Eichrodt, W. <i>Theologie des Alten Testaments</i>. Fifth edition. Volume 1. Stuttgart & Göttingen, 1957.</li>
<li>Fretheim, Terence E. <i>Exodus</i>. Interpretation, a Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching. Louisville, KY: John Knox Press, 1991.</li>
<li>Koehler, Ludwig, Walter Baumgartner, M. E. J. Richardson, and Johann Jakob Stamm. <i>The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament</i>. Leiden; New York: E.J. Brill, 1999.</li>
</ul>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">插圖:</span><span lang="EN-GB">RAPHAEL. <i>The Burning bush</i>. 1518-19. Palazzi Pontifici, The Raphael Loggia, Vatican.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">載於:</span><span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">《</span>信訊雙週刊<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">》</span>第286期</div>
天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-27122681721098598022016-02-20T12:20:00.002+08:002016-02-20T14:21:40.832+08:002016年新春彌撒感恩祭及團拜相片集--主教座堂<h2 style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
新春彌撒:中華聖母瞻禮(澳門舉行)</h2>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEht_Q0iTurNivSbaGT4U_oKhZ3f88KnSSsjt5qHOZgYlMoVWWnnaIA42QupUoQtTmh09DXmR6cetIItycY7efrxHUDJcVsrkz_JllK7Gbzqf_bULUdaurpMPKpNybxsjJrazS-EV_qb0nc/s1600/12654138_1261555203858537_42603347020810598_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEht_Q0iTurNivSbaGT4U_oKhZ3f88KnSSsjt5qHOZgYlMoVWWnnaIA42QupUoQtTmh09DXmR6cetIItycY7efrxHUDJcVsrkz_JllK7Gbzqf_bULUdaurpMPKpNybxsjJrazS-EV_qb0nc/s640/12654138_1261555203858537_42603347020810598_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">主教進堂獻香</td></tr>
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<h4 style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
讀經一</h4>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(米,伍,一至四上)</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhP8wiVHSI9fs0Xs7al_hoboIu7WNvYbxtxX__8HlNjy8mH41OLPROiK5C-34uTpvEChRDN3UcmqvzzhI3jNlThwiWXmrGF3vyg-BRF2GsKt4aDFYfo8PZCvo4PJY3ckvd3sXF1dlQCzjI/s1600/943935_1261555277191863_6783249205135072656_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhP8wiVHSI9fs0Xs7al_hoboIu7WNvYbxtxX__8HlNjy8mH41OLPROiK5C-34uTpvEChRDN3UcmqvzzhI3jNlThwiWXmrGF3vyg-BRF2GsKt4aDFYfo8PZCvo4PJY3ckvd3sXF1dlQCzjI/s320/943935_1261555277191863_6783249205135072656_n.jpg" width="240" /></a><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">上主這樣說:「厄弗辣大的白冷,在猶大各城鎮中,你雖是最細小的,但是,有一位以色列的統治者,將從你那裡為我誕生。他的來歷溯自太古,直到最遠的世代。因此,上主會捨棄祂的子民,直到那位做母親的誕生了孩子。那時,他弟兄的遺民,將會回來與以色列子民團聚。那統治者將會挺身而出,以上主的能力和上主天主的威名,牧養自己的群羊。他們生活安定,因為祂的權力直達海角天涯。他本人將是和平!」──</span><span lang="ZH-TW"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這是上主的話。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">答唱詠</span><span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(詠,壹壹參,一及三,四至六,七至八)</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【重句】</span><span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(詠,壹壹參,二)</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 願上主的聖名永受讚美。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">一、</span><span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">上主的僕人,請同聲讚頌,</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">讚頌上主的名。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">從日出到日落,</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">願上主的名受讚美。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【重句】願上主的聖名永受讚美。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">二、上主超越列國萬邦,</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">祂的光榮凌駕穹蒼。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">誰能與上主、我們的天主相比?</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">祂從高處俯視諸天和大地。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">三、祂把軟弱的人從塵埃裏救起,</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">把窮苦的人由糞土中高舉。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">使他們與公卿同席,</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">與民間的縉紳並坐。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h4>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXRRMW5izld1KFE8J_xSxxGkPVTAC06I1PrWDJGn45oYyu7TjNkEHeeOE_7xO-khHaihU7ksv3xi2uNpn-55cOibLIzcc8fQmNTnTyK79_pZCCXkw-kxMbIrWRtpj6u6XxJq94eaCeFoI/s1600/12670038_1261555313858526_3931287800705375364_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXRRMW5izld1KFE8J_xSxxGkPVTAC06I1PrWDJGn45oYyu7TjNkEHeeOE_7xO-khHaihU7ksv3xi2uNpn-55cOibLIzcc8fQmNTnTyK79_pZCCXkw-kxMbIrWRtpj6u6XxJq94eaCeFoI/s320/12670038_1261555313858526_3931287800705375364_n.jpg" width="240" /></a>讀經二</h4>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(宗,壹,十二至十四)</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">那時,宗徒們從名叫撖欖的山上,回了耶路撒冷;這山離耶路撒冷不遠,有一安息日的路程。他們進了城,就上了那座他們所居住的樓房,在那裏有伯多祿、若望、雅各伯、安德肋、斐理伯、多默、巴爾多祿茂、瑪竇、阿耳斐的兒子雅各伯、熱誠者西滿及雅各伯的兄弟猶達。這些人同一些婦女及耶穌的母親瑪利亞和祂的兄弟,都同心合意地專務祈禱。──</span><span lang="ZH-TW"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">這是上主的話。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">福音前詠</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">瑪利亞,妳是我們教會的榮耀,</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">妳是我們民族的光榮,妳給我們帶來了喜樂。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8KepMSV8cbqnI1YL5JAwKYejgz-XUolOUiRpENLcak7R_ftg2dvr-gktgy8B3qZ27_whjuzuj0050DUitxX48TBsNS6o93iH2Qmy0OuRUz-UfozRdkRAoo2OqYSowgWTgna6ffI_dIj0/s1600/12647406_1261555347191856_5026955836805483901_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8KepMSV8cbqnI1YL5JAwKYejgz-XUolOUiRpENLcak7R_ftg2dvr-gktgy8B3qZ27_whjuzuj0050DUitxX48TBsNS6o93iH2Qmy0OuRUz-UfozRdkRAoo2OqYSowgWTgna6ffI_dIj0/s320/12647406_1261555347191856_5026955836805483901_n.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">副本堂潘神父</td></tr>
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<h4>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">福 音</span></h4>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(若,拾玖,廿五至廿七)</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">那時,在耶穌的十字架傍,站著祂的母親和祂母親的姊妹,還有克羅帕的妻子瑪利亞和瑪利亞瑪大肋納。</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">耶穌看見母親,又看見祂所愛的門徒站在旁邊,就對母親說:「女人,這就是你的兒子!」然後,又對那門徒說:「這就是你母親!」從那時起,那門徒就把她接到自己家裏去了。──</span><span lang="ZH-TW"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這是上主的話。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMPwP0AgBYKnNlYUrgbXsGeplny0lgF4ARd1wlUoZFxBw5pkcRPS6fCuQ4q35BdGJbB64EKQjwqCT9cx_BYgmAgxuZmcs4Mzia4cf17EnkJjqu8Ep4S4bIcrWII-TW6vdsby2votwARJ8/s1600/12654508_1261555413858516_7971354552113468539_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMPwP0AgBYKnNlYUrgbXsGeplny0lgF4ARd1wlUoZFxBw5pkcRPS6fCuQ4q35BdGJbB64EKQjwqCT9cx_BYgmAgxuZmcs4Mzia4cf17EnkJjqu8Ep4S4bIcrWII-TW6vdsby2votwARJ8/s640/12654508_1261555413858516_7971354552113468539_n.jpg" width="360" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">李斌生主教講道</td></tr>
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轉自: <a class="spf-link branded-page-header-title-link yt-uix-sessionlink" data-sessionlink="ei=wgXIVoWsDsiqc8b9kvAK" dir="ltr" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOuSW3nnJ8x7U-nxHrFknXg" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; cursor: pointer; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-shadow: none; white-space: nowrap;" title="澳門教區社會傳播中心">澳門教區社會傳播中心</a>Youtube頻道</div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">信友禱文</span></h4>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxicThAr_OgDTMhupSZUO2fRu1aPEZ1jC2TMB1u_Wrl0bNb9e26dPazXidu_r6N0HCMb0TPbdRAwdE9XuRlfGDBqHLkAfP7gvP8PVO2BdCqRRdXG1flyWl9uEbC9Gszy3nta88ggeXeK8/s1600/10632647_1261555473858510_3512589476008137284_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxicThAr_OgDTMhupSZUO2fRu1aPEZ1jC2TMB1u_Wrl0bNb9e26dPazXidu_r6N0HCMb0TPbdRAwdE9XuRlfGDBqHLkAfP7gvP8PVO2BdCqRRdXG1flyWl9uEbC9Gszy3nta88ggeXeK8/s320/10632647_1261555473858510_3512589476008137284_n.jpg" width="240" /></a><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">主祭:親愛的兄弟姊妹:際此大地回春,神人同樂,我們歡聚一堂,慶祝中華之后的慶節,將今年的一切,藉聖母瑪利亞的轉禱,託付給全能的天主,祂必庇佑我們,福杯滿溢。現在大家誠懇同禱。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">領:請為聖教會祈禱。求主恩賜教會上下團結,相親相愛,將基督的福音傳給普世人群。我們同聲祈禱。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【答】求主俯聽我們。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">領:請為我們的國家祈禱。求主保佑國泰民安,風調雨順,自由喜樂地侍奉天主。我們同聲祈禱。【答】</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">領:請為苦難的人祈禱。望仁慈的上主,賜給他們安慰和毅力</span><span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">,早日獲享身心的康樂。我們同聲祈禱。【答】</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">領:請為我們的家庭祈禱。望全能的天主,恩賜我們真誠相愛</span><span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">,虔誠敬主,成為基督的活見證。我們同聲祈禱。【答】</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">主祭:天主!你知道我們的各項需要,望你大發慈悲,藉聖母瑪利亞的轉禱,垂允我們的祈求。</span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEib3V86dll1jTk4yvCRVUG-k_K-gyCtUkXtcAp9eVCDwVatwz6OzImg6SNv16uyKL6tsMhtC9Z6TrRQxO8zCo3CdEDTcXN6yl-_JHLUidMFMgcUgkXlYg_IMJa8nDgBYHlNZpePL22k3lk/s1600/12650907_1261555530525171_653679145445168657_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEib3V86dll1jTk4yvCRVUG-k_K-gyCtUkXtcAp9eVCDwVatwz6OzImg6SNv16uyKL6tsMhtC9Z6TrRQxO8zCo3CdEDTcXN6yl-_JHLUidMFMgcUgkXlYg_IMJa8nDgBYHlNZpePL22k3lk/s640/12650907_1261555530525171_653679145445168657_n.jpg" width="480" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">禮品奉獻</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCuwBF9GHdkjE-g75O_preFvY5xZwcjoZOBbLAHhZolg3CFT5VbtGPWrVGe9J5QRA_QGdqwEqyDpbeOLq78njdgjtwgw7fslh_KJ2M6yDMbhlxgiLOPZ0V7Rblv0v75VFFQH5dh8gEzBg/s1600/12715724_1261555783858479_970914869202764896_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCuwBF9GHdkjE-g75O_preFvY5xZwcjoZOBbLAHhZolg3CFT5VbtGPWrVGe9J5QRA_QGdqwEqyDpbeOLq78njdgjtwgw7fslh_KJ2M6yDMbhlxgiLOPZ0V7Rblv0v75VFFQH5dh8gEzBg/s640/12715724_1261555783858479_970914869202764896_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">領聖體</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNwy21iv1RBspl_HmzAAof_N3Ara6WwMQe7-RlSo_9gAHPm9C_g7QdpdMPlJ_Y59VUQPSd_V4zDWMInxXl4Ty0EnjJ1zoDwzvE5olkBM28W3ioMg_dlUmtLgdjvKjbi2T9y122FqAr4EM/s1600/12669435_1261555863858471_2451657987394307246_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNwy21iv1RBspl_HmzAAof_N3Ara6WwMQe7-RlSo_9gAHPm9C_g7QdpdMPlJ_Y59VUQPSd_V4zDWMInxXl4Ty0EnjJ1zoDwzvE5olkBM28W3ioMg_dlUmtLgdjvKjbi2T9y122FqAr4EM/s640/12669435_1261555863858471_2451657987394307246_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">主教向輔祭派利是</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBHU7fzm_0MCKDzIomsdE8e1-7VwAhQzE0sG1bQIVUaJ0oXa4Z4Fa6J-5mVBqqmhZtmu5XeRAj8e2K7IGA4wqUujjmxx3xKb2Pqz0_gSdcJ0GbxYMmJbvNdD3AIq_hS9XAWp8R-XzkgT4/s1600/12669444_1261555550525169_6886270807962377720_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBHU7fzm_0MCKDzIomsdE8e1-7VwAhQzE0sG1bQIVUaJ0oXa4Z4Fa6J-5mVBqqmhZtmu5XeRAj8e2K7IGA4wqUujjmxx3xKb2Pqz0_gSdcJ0GbxYMmJbvNdD3AIq_hS9XAWp8R-XzkgT4/s640/12669444_1261555550525169_6886270807962377720_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">主教向教友派利是</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<h3>
新春團拜</h3>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFdqoLXLn6VD4IsqLvY921olv7V7sb19b4fL9q2sgW9dG709HrH8YBjUZ_GnOjLuj02ZeBLuKPrDelFgb0-WU2pJF2tOQOEbCCT8_ouYLchDmEWpo7sKvVTAdkcFoMdd12nvZbW-pCtLw/s1600/12642798_762615403873679_2383370498847727357_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFdqoLXLn6VD4IsqLvY921olv7V7sb19b4fL9q2sgW9dG709HrH8YBjUZ_GnOjLuj02ZeBLuKPrDelFgb0-WU2pJF2tOQOEbCCT8_ouYLchDmEWpo7sKvVTAdkcFoMdd12nvZbW-pCtLw/s640/12642798_762615403873679_2383370498847727357_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">副本堂潘神父、教區首牧李斌生主教、本堂劉炎新神父</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxKFEN_eGRdSgowTUN9KeVlKGHfJxJwGZFuBgHMa98PPIGfIKLe9JeErSdik7mQre4DLR2NjYoJ9pBH8zH0xjKGMxTuzLW0cy5f2kcRqX-shFxAHjqhx3EGuiltHuaAAbBeStTNXky8uY/s1600/1379701_762615520540334_6145350896657801909_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxKFEN_eGRdSgowTUN9KeVlKGHfJxJwGZFuBgHMa98PPIGfIKLe9JeErSdik7mQre4DLR2NjYoJ9pBH8zH0xjKGMxTuzLW0cy5f2kcRqX-shFxAHjqhx3EGuiltHuaAAbBeStTNXky8uY/s640/1379701_762615520540334_6145350896657801909_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">劉神父致辭</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWBeG0_4h8oZeMOFxmOR8NKstPp4eulYcu2y5RgoQy9FphrnYkdXWNW7E9pNExq8n5OovSVBv0fOC07zrnOpIXfkQmfUoNyBit4KVMD_-NRK1EsQ26ACDpPhEevc44DyweQOJp1uc1x9k/s1600/12647187_762615860540300_5958072116404912913_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWBeG0_4h8oZeMOFxmOR8NKstPp4eulYcu2y5RgoQy9FphrnYkdXWNW7E9pNExq8n5OovSVBv0fOC07zrnOpIXfkQmfUoNyBit4KVMD_-NRK1EsQ26ACDpPhEevc44DyweQOJp1uc1x9k/s640/12647187_762615860540300_5958072116404912913_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">李主教與教友一家合照</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="text-align: center;"> </span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji_mgHIGPAK0965gtTHrw1jr6k1SSWMgWquxS9nAjGBLRm6ZfPWmu3k_hVRfKRBeI7lskMUqlRDvBVoWB3zmZMlTtZUSzDOrolFEFgdhdDZ5IP5_MvQ7FCSpRWiaReS8xqwyLSG5_yEOE/s1600/12654339_762615850540301_2867244995826673699_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji_mgHIGPAK0965gtTHrw1jr6k1SSWMgWquxS9nAjGBLRm6ZfPWmu3k_hVRfKRBeI7lskMUqlRDvBVoWB3zmZMlTtZUSzDOrolFEFgdhdDZ5IP5_MvQ7FCSpRWiaReS8xqwyLSG5_yEOE/s640/12654339_762615850540301_2867244995826673699_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">李主教與青年教友談天</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-5QA594oMiAPGRqQ0wA43EwCwtssfp90OWfaQlbMxEf0RWfU1yt_r6RCQJi5SYnbYals0Pr6ehLbDiJtn8hdmcjt6IPxICuiLqsOFb6ZWY9Fp-OiZpRYfEHrL1D_2LVyHUjxzhBVNnus/s1600/12654707_762615673873652_2544192698716687273_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-5QA594oMiAPGRqQ0wA43EwCwtssfp90OWfaQlbMxEf0RWfU1yt_r6RCQJi5SYnbYals0Pr6ehLbDiJtn8hdmcjt6IPxICuiLqsOFb6ZWY9Fp-OiZpRYfEHrL1D_2LVyHUjxzhBVNnus/s640/12654707_762615673873652_2544192698716687273_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">李主教與年長教友合照</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjelwvBHm79rvHAoVBYwb7v_AISYDP7gYY-RqbEoJj9j4ovDHMn7xOywmaaFQD9QlapjFfabq7OsoYc6ZD5rZzFKHsD7IiXvN0Uo011L1rmyXbUn5PzUebCJOT79SVycbwqCLxvpUKqpus/s1600/12661790_762615613873658_3206902339871244423_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjelwvBHm79rvHAoVBYwb7v_AISYDP7gYY-RqbEoJj9j4ovDHMn7xOywmaaFQD9QlapjFfabq7OsoYc6ZD5rZzFKHsD7IiXvN0Uo011L1rmyXbUn5PzUebCJOT79SVycbwqCLxvpUKqpus/s640/12661790_762615613873658_3206902339871244423_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">主教及神長與主日學小朋友合照</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_USaQ6D5pb-B3obGgyskcV0FRJhcXlvgCmtcsaHrP3ExHc9I1QXmgVmGriRcX9-63Y-_L_LnFSZi0kVbON2Gu7B5Si4wYaSSOeyVDUyVisZ2OLaNjxnVEPlxC_wwqxxD3Krecs-NPsMA/s1600/12661925_762615570540329_5636978399178792403_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_USaQ6D5pb-B3obGgyskcV0FRJhcXlvgCmtcsaHrP3ExHc9I1QXmgVmGriRcX9-63Y-_L_LnFSZi0kVbON2Gu7B5Si4wYaSSOeyVDUyVisZ2OLaNjxnVEPlxC_wwqxxD3Krecs-NPsMA/s640/12661925_762615570540329_5636978399178792403_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">李主教、劉神父與輔祭團合照</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW2VhUOerAel40o_xEjQy0mdffSgR1TZkfZqjoRlAlMwioCCP0tDd1SY-EBkUVJwHUHkXmJ_YclLBa5ecRYRwW7U3qQGnvTWtRHxkKtbJE2VYImzp_e0p3nVjpoSL4BK5uhb2mCcr7BWA/s1600/12661968_762615727206980_7774526692807184485_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW2VhUOerAel40o_xEjQy0mdffSgR1TZkfZqjoRlAlMwioCCP0tDd1SY-EBkUVJwHUHkXmJ_YclLBa5ecRYRwW7U3qQGnvTWtRHxkKtbJE2VYImzp_e0p3nVjpoSL4BK5uhb2mCcr7BWA/s640/12661968_762615727206980_7774526692807184485_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">李主教與修女合照</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmSyuS9fql5AKRzc2UHR2-_dOMc1xk0fNbRZ4LdIYysVznjgSuD6hQ1KgmFChqLqQZLrDp8mjRuOaf7Uy9uHWJJhJ30VaR1Jbhappzh_KY0A9jfi88CvkjKM2EEr0Df1LBoTLlrxIAqrU/s1600/12661968_762615817206971_2546229514169049046_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmSyuS9fql5AKRzc2UHR2-_dOMc1xk0fNbRZ4LdIYysVznjgSuD6hQ1KgmFChqLqQZLrDp8mjRuOaf7Uy9uHWJJhJ30VaR1Jbhappzh_KY0A9jfi88CvkjKM2EEr0Df1LBoTLlrxIAqrU/s640/12661968_762615817206971_2546229514169049046_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">李主教與教友家庭合照</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAa7rjlhdWNdjFVl9f95vXhVzUWIfEziSI7DQrovophsd8n8FANavTsTCX5lOTv-vPiAyfSOAxqSeWqjcbU0wrrggZ1FZrRWWfClfMT0S6cyqT-lbVCFGGo4aMe3Kcdp_ZXS6QI8y635k/s1600/12662031_762615753873644_7485868445995651367_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAa7rjlhdWNdjFVl9f95vXhVzUWIfEziSI7DQrovophsd8n8FANavTsTCX5lOTv-vPiAyfSOAxqSeWqjcbU0wrrggZ1FZrRWWfClfMT0S6cyqT-lbVCFGGo4aMe3Kcdp_ZXS6QI8y635k/s640/12662031_762615753873644_7485868445995651367_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">李主教與主日學導師合照</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="text-align: center;"> </span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSjeCUcBxA9wnYd8suDBm4plfW8AJpbv04IhNztOc4qbJXgL2wDtFRovt8veKBvn_uN-kj0aMn_xv7yiTkL46YEsZWckQhPyhyphenhyphen2h84lFTFlpAqDRQ5xwKq1Oi9rQCLExPTDNnB9tUpVfU/s1600/12669557_762615413873678_3797709144226774283_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSjeCUcBxA9wnYd8suDBm4plfW8AJpbv04IhNztOc4qbJXgL2wDtFRovt8veKBvn_uN-kj0aMn_xv7yiTkL46YEsZWckQhPyhyphenhyphen2h84lFTFlpAqDRQ5xwKq1Oi9rQCLExPTDNnB9tUpVfU/s640/12669557_762615413873678_3797709144226774283_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">主日學學生演奏音樂</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxt6mjYjVE27QzzQWEPyc9Rx62u_bshziLL8XgYlQ34B7fGno3Y-VgqYyiaYVxGp6I_wCfucaB6vp2Fh0I9973qPTLFn_ZK6hAAy8EBteJ7Lp6cOtKBozKBl7k2fTXwnKcKOLKnaVFErk/s1600/12669713_762615480540338_3198974845837914136_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxt6mjYjVE27QzzQWEPyc9Rx62u_bshziLL8XgYlQ34B7fGno3Y-VgqYyiaYVxGp6I_wCfucaB6vp2Fh0I9973qPTLFn_ZK6hAAy8EBteJ7Lp6cOtKBozKBl7k2fTXwnKcKOLKnaVFErk/s640/12669713_762615480540338_3198974845837914136_n.jpg" width="360" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">堂區小朋友向大家拜年</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTqOXGoIZmLHtevRWaMs1Rpz04DsSS7TNkI_6FLfR_QlsBaT21mIKfOScp9YcQKmHbepRO8SrJsTN2Utz5xAJVyIuKHqAZfAcivWOsPec1hI9pLvzE2m7GTzFuUz-2YduTCJek-3rPrUI/s1600/12715630_762615600540326_2333916720677760015_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTqOXGoIZmLHtevRWaMs1Rpz04DsSS7TNkI_6FLfR_QlsBaT21mIKfOScp9YcQKmHbepRO8SrJsTN2Utz5xAJVyIuKHqAZfAcivWOsPec1hI9pLvzE2m7GTzFuUz-2YduTCJek-3rPrUI/s640/12715630_762615600540326_2333916720677760015_n.jpg" width="480" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">李主教與主日學學生合照</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">主日學導師與潘神父、劉神父合照</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">輔祭團向大家拜年</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">主日學小朋友小提琴演奏</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPYIAqr_LBXyupjOT73iM5HkkmCFrHpbeNPWBlwS9BmfLcxHiXSJX8wR87_0zbd0d4nbqBMLc91N4Wm8eFdWFAAHr2vLv4ffunEi13O8l0n4Uw9mrk6Tu3t-ugBc1iXv0Co8kL-ntWkQk/s1600/12717518_762615913873628_4296673965569035819_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPYIAqr_LBXyupjOT73iM5HkkmCFrHpbeNPWBlwS9BmfLcxHiXSJX8wR87_0zbd0d4nbqBMLc91N4Wm8eFdWFAAHr2vLv4ffunEi13O8l0n4Uw9mrk6Tu3t-ugBc1iXv0Co8kL-ntWkQk/s640/12717518_762615913873628_4296673965569035819_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">李主教與修女及教友合照</td></tr>
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部分載於:《信訊雙週刊》第286期天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-45450064531690479372016-02-20T11:14:00.000+08:002016-02-21T11:16:42.553+08:00聖安多尼堂新春團拜2016<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">聖安多尼堂新春團拜2016</span></h2>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">春回大地</span>,<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">萬象更新,本堂祝願各位教友新的一年,身體健康</span>,<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">萬事如意。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">大年初一,早上九時新春彌撒後,舉行新春團拜</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">,</span>眾教友齊集聖堂前地,拱手互相祝賀。本堂神父們在聖堂前地,向各位教友送上祝福,並派發耶穌慈悲禧年手帶及利是,祝願大家每天都能得到主賜與平安和喜樂。人人收到手帶及利是都笑逐顏開,隨後眾教友一起到安多尼中心內品嘗賀年應節食品,期望新的一年有好的開始。最後在一片歡欣笑語聲中結束這次新春活動。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">刊於:《信訊雙週刊》第286期</span></div>
天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-12039241297442914762016-02-20T11:05:00.000+08:002016-02-20T11:12:13.055+08:002016年李斌生主教四旬期文告 -- 重新開始<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">各位主內的兄弟姊妹:</span><br />
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">「這禧年的四旬期也應更強烈地活出其作為慶祝和經驗天主慈悲的有力時間。」(參閱《慈悲的面容》</span>17<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">為了使我們能為復活節作好準備,四旬期是補贖,內省和更新的時間。教會的禮儀邀請我們利用這個時期淨化我們的靈魂,並重新開始。天主說:「至少現在…你們應全心歸向我,禁食,哭泣,悲哀!應撕裂的,是你們的心,而不是你們的衣服;你們應歸向上主你們的天主,因為他寬仁慈悲…」(岳</span>2:12<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">若要把我們的心歸向上主,被祂改造就是意味著我們必須準備使用所有方法去活出祂期望我們要過的生活。天主要我們棄絕罪惡,逃離生命之中任何明知故犯的罪過,好讓我們回到生活和快樂的源泉。祂在我們的中間正尋找著一顆痛悔的心,即一顆會承認弱點和罪惡,並準備淨化自身的心。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">天主要我們向我們的罪過真誠地痛悔,首先得要透過省察和辦妥修和聖事去顯示出來。教宗方濟各鼓勵眾人說:「在四旬期第四主日之前的星期五至星期六舉行的「給主的廿四小時」,要在眾教區中大力提倡。許多人正在愈加受修和聖事的吸引,當中還有許多年青人,他們在這經驗中時常找到回到主那裏的路,時常找到去活在一個強烈的祈禱時刻和去重新發現他人生的意義的路。讓我們再次把修和聖事放在中心,因為這聖事讓人可接觸到慈悲的偉大。對每個懺悔的人來說,這都真正的內在平安之源。」(參閱《慈悲的面容》</span>17<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我們還要透過勉力度補贖和克己的生活以表明我們真心歸向天主。我們每天的職責就是克己的主要根源:遵守紀律,準時開始我們的工作;讀書和工作上務要持久並集中,使之更有果效。我們要克制私利並要協助在我們身邊建立一個更愉悅的氛圍,特別是在我們的家庭和工作場所。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">透過我們讓自身轉向上主的過程,我們將打從心坎裡感受天主那猶如慈父般的慈悲之情。祂的慈悲轉化人心。透過體驗這忠貞不渝的愛情,它能反過來使我們對他人報以慈悲之情。它啟發我們:「每個人去愛自己的近人,投身於教會傳統稱為神哀矜和形哀矜的慈悲善工,這是一種歷久彌新的奇蹟。這些慈悲善工提醒我們,我們的信仰就在每天幫助近人的具體行動中表達出來…藉著形哀矜,我們就在那些需要被餵養、被著衣、被收留、被探望的弟兄姊妹身上觸摸到基督;我們實踐神哀矜──解人疑惑、教導愚蒙、赦人侮辱、勸人悔改和為生者死者祈禱,這些善工便直接地觸及到我們自己的罪人之身。神哀矜與形哀矜絕對不能分離。」(參閱</span>2016<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年教宗方濟各四旬期文告)</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我懇請你們在這段時間貫徹慈悲的服侍,也請為我及我在澳門教區的新牧職,獻出日常的克己及努力。我需要你們的祈禱和支持,讓我可更好地分辨,與及勤勉地在教區貫徹祂的旨意。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">於這慈悲禧年的四旬期之中,我請求你們向慈悲聖母祈禱。願她面容的純潔和美麗的愛垂顧我們,好使我們在日常恆久的歸化中也能觸摸到天主聖父的慈悲,並將祂的慈悲帶到我們身邊的每一位。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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+<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">李斌生</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">載於:</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">《</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">信訊雙週刊</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">》</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">第286期</span></div>
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天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-14221155252075901282016-02-20T10:21:00.000+08:002016-02-21T10:21:42.936+08:00望德聖母堂2016年新春彌撒及教友團拜相片集<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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刊於:《信訊雙週刊》第286期天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-67182814361699815852016-02-20T08:51:00.000+08:002016-02-21T08:52:20.094+08:00信與約<div class="MsoNormal">
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">信與約</span></h2>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">禮儀今天為我們把原本共長</span><span lang="EN-GB">21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節的故事截選為</span><span lang="EN-GB">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節。雖然這</span><span lang="EN-GB">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節也許可算是這個故事的菁華,但由於創世紀第十五節本是亞巴郎信仰的──因而可算是整部舊約的──轉捩點,我決定把整篇《創》第十五章讀一遍。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這一章的重要性,大概有二:一)按不少學者的判斷,這一章乃亞巴郎信仰傳統最早的陳述,舊約中其餘的信仰陳述衍生自此;二)保祿在發展出其「因信成義」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">justification by faith</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)的思想時,用的就是這一章;因此,身處基督信仰傳承之中的我們來說,其重要性自然不言而喻。從以上兩點判斷,就信仰(或信德;</span><span lang="EN-GB">faith</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)與盟約這兩主題,以及此兩者之間的關係,這一章所述說的確實至關重要。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 讓我們先回顧一下《創》的脈絡。亞巴郎和他妻子撒辣不育(</span><span lang="EN-GB">11:30</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),一直無子。此時,天主的以強而有力的說辭,呼召他們離鄉別井,往遠方去(</span><span lang="EN-GB">12:1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。他們開始這趟旅程的唯一理由,就是上主的承諾(</span><span lang="EN-GB">12:1-3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。上主的承諾所針對的,正正就是不育的問題。不過,直到第十五章──也就是今天讀經所取的那一章,不育的問題陰魂不散。因此,這天主的承諾到現時為止仍未能克服的不育,就成了這一章要處理的問題。其實,更深層次的問題是,事實證明,天主的承諾的確一直在延後,及至令人不得不對之有所懷疑的地方。一個相信天主承諾、並希望可能克服不育的人,卻必須一直接受自己不育的現實。細想一下,這情況與我們每個人的信仰生活確實有點類似。在一切事實都證明天主承諾失效的時候,一個人為何仍繼續全然相信那承諾?又如何繼續相信下去呢?這一章要面對的,其實就是這難題。而亞巴郎之所以成為信德之父,就在於他最終接受了這難題的挑戰。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在進入正文之前,最後讓我們宏觀地看看這一章的結構。英籍舊約學者溫晗(</span><span lang="EN-GB">Wenham, 1987:325</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)認為,這一場景的界線劃分,十分清楚。這一場景以「在這些事之後」一句開始(</span><span lang="EN-GB">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節),指的是上一章中所述亞巴郎戰勝眾王的事。而這一幕的高潮,就在於最後四節(</span><span lang="EN-GB">18-21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節),界定了應許之地的幅員,並列舉出在亞巴郎在生之時居於當地的十個民族。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">溫晗也列出這場景中兩幕之間對應平行之處:</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="border: 1pt solid; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.3pt;" valign="top" width="110"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">上主的說話</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border: 1pt solid; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.2pt;" valign="top" width="59"><div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right;">
<span lang="EN-GB">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border: 1pt solid; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 93.3pt;" valign="top" width="124"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">賞報的承諾</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border: 1pt solid; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 55.2pt;" valign="top" width="74"><div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right;">
<span lang="EN-GB">7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border: 1pt solid; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104.3pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">土地的承諾</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border: 1pt solid; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.3pt;" valign="top" width="110"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">亞巴郎的說話</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.2pt;" valign="top" width="59"><div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right;">
<span lang="EN-GB">2-3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 93.3pt;" valign="top" width="124"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">無子的投訴</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 55.2pt;" valign="top" width="74"><div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right;">
<span lang="EN-GB">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104.3pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">要求保證</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr><td style="border: 1pt solid; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.3pt;" valign="top" width="110"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">上主的回應</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.2pt;" valign="top" width="59"><div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right;">
<span lang="EN-GB">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 93.3pt;" valign="top" width="124"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">繼承人的承諾</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 55.2pt;" valign="top" width="74"><div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right;">
<span lang="EN-GB">9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104.3pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">號令行約誓儀式</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border: 1pt solid; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.3pt;" valign="top" width="110"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">公開的行動</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.2pt;" valign="top" width="59"><div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right;">
<span lang="EN-GB">5a</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 93.3pt;" valign="top" width="124"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">把亞巴郎帶出去</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 55.2pt;" valign="top" width="74"><div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right;">
<span lang="EN-GB">17</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104.3pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">約誓儀式完成</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border: 1pt solid; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.3pt;" valign="top" width="110"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">上主的說話</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.2pt;" valign="top" width="59"><div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right;">
<span lang="EN-GB">5b</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 93.3pt;" valign="top" width="124"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">後裔繁多的承諾</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 55.2pt;" valign="top" width="74"><div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right;">
<span lang="EN-GB">13-16</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104.3pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">後裔有土地的承諾</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border: 1pt solid; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.3pt;" valign="top" width="110"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">結束</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.2pt;" valign="top" width="59"><div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right;">
<span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-color: initial; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 93.3pt;" valign="top" width="124"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">亞巴郎的信德</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">18-21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">節</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">上主的盟約</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">信任[德]的危機(</span><span lang="EN-GB">15:1-6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span></h4>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 在上主許下承諾之後,亞巴郎馬上抱怨,質疑上主的承諾在眼前的情況下還能否實現。面對著這樣的懷疑,上主以雙重保證來回應。最後,在第</span><span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節,按旁述的總結,亞巴郎接受了這承諾。亞巴郎最後所作的充滿信任[德]的回應(</span><span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)與他抗拒不已的回答(</span><span lang="EN-GB">2-3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)形成了強烈的對比。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】在這些事之後,上主的說話到了亞巴郎那裏,在[神]視[=</span><span lang="EN-GB">vision</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">]中,說:「不要懼怕!亞巴郎!我是你的護盾。你的報酬非常豐厚」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這段敘述以來自上主的一個突兀的「不要懼怕」來開始。在聖經的行文慣例中,這是個問候,但這同時又是一個會帶來天翻地覆的字。對於一直為自己的將來懼怕的亞巴郎來說,這令他頓失方向。到了當時,他已心中有數,他的命運不會再有改變。擺脫無後的承諾,不過空話。既然天主的諾言不能勝過不育,那麼那諾言本身就是無效的。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">上主這一次許諾時所說的話,與祂最初所說的,在細節上有些不同(見</span><span lang="EN-GB">12:1-3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。這次,祂扼要地說:「你的報酬非常豐厚」,但卻沒有指明那是「報酬」甚麼。而隨著我們把這段敘述讀到最後,就會發現,這「報酬」所指的是土地──應許之地(見</span><span lang="EN-GB">18-21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這裏的「報酬」,我們不得不談。這字的希伯來原文是「</span><span lang="EN-GB">śāḵār</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」,本義是「費用」,「工資」。約納在為逃離上主而乘船西向時所付的,就是「</span><span lang="EN-GB">śāḵār</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(《思高》譯:船「費」;見納</span><span lang="EN-GB">1:3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。不過,在這裏用這個字,就使我們的解讀陷入困局。很明顯,相信並不是一個諾言兌現的因由,否則天主的諾言就會淪為貨銀兩訖的交易(</span><span lang="EN-GB">quid pro quo</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。另一方面,同樣明顯的是,只有那些信靠天主的人才會得到恩賜。這樣的說法,看來不太合邏輯。但在聖經信仰中,這似乎又是關鍵之所在。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">著名舊約學者布魯格曼就為這困局提出一個解答(</span><span lang="EN-GB">Brueggemann, 1982:142</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。天主並不是一個到處叫賣的信仰小販,一直給予各式各樣的承諾。相反,我們必須視這報酬為天主對那些聆聽他的呼召並分享祂生命的人的慷慨回應。換言之,天主的恩賜會特別給予那些相信的,並願意因該承諾而冒險的人。這就是天主給予面對著無後難題的亞巴郎的恩賜。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】亞巴郎便說:「我主上主,你[能]</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">給我甚麼!我一直</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">無兒無女。我家的兒子[指繼承人?],他是大馬士革人厄里則爾」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】亞巴郎便說:「看啊!你未曾給我子嗣。看啊!我家的兒子[指厄里則爾?]快要繼承我」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來句子「</span><span lang="EN-GB">mah-titten-lî</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. what will you give me[?!]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。聖經希伯語並未發展出各現代語言中的情態字(如英語的</span><span lang="EN-GB">modal verb</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。換言之,一切情態都只可用未完成式(</span><span lang="EN-GB">imperfect tense</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)來指示,然後靠讀者從上文下理推敲大概情態意思(</span><span lang="EN-GB">will, may, can, must, etc</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">…=會、可、能、必等等)。雖然希伯來文中並沒有使用指示能力的動詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">y-k-l</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">to be able to, can</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),但從上文下理推斷,這是帶抱怨語氣的反問句,故適宜補上「能」字。,</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來句子「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʾanōḵi hôlēḵ ʿărîrî</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. I [am] going [to be[?]] / walking childless</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">然而,要得到土地的報酬,就必須要有繼承人。土地從來不只是為一代人的。所以,能夠把得到的土地代代相傳,就變得至關重要。那麼,如此宏大的承諾,關鍵就在於一個很具體的難題:無子,沒繼承人。這兩節把我們帶回那核心難題:無兒無女。天主就尚欠這一件事仍未處理。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">亞巴郎兩度抱怨:我一直無兒無女</span><span lang="EN-GB"> / </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">沒有後代(</span><span lang="EN-GB">2-3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)。第</span><span lang="EN-GB">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節的希伯來行文是出了名的難解。不過,其意思也再清楚不過。因為亞巴郎無子,他對將來再無指望,只有把一個僕僮收為義子(粵:契仔),成為唯一的繼承人。把一個奴隸收為義子以作繼承人的做法,大概來自胡里特人(</span><span lang="EN-GB">Hurrians</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;居於美索不達米亞地區北部,自主前第三個千年冒起)的習俗。無論如何,亞巴郎所苦惱的是,他無子。即使在法律上有個代替,亦無補於事。於是,與強而有力的諾言(</span><span lang="EN-GB">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)並排的,是個同樣強而有力的反駁(</span><span lang="EN-GB">2-3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)。亞巴郎一直活在從未靜止的折磨之中:他有天主為他許下諾言,但這諾言卻是說服力欠奉。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】突然,上主的說話到了他那裏,說:「這人將不會繼承你。那從你腹</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*3]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">內出來的,將要繼承你」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】祂便把他帶了出去,祂便說:「請你望向天空,數算繁星,要是你能夠數清它們的話」。祂便對他說:「你的子嗣也將如此」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*3]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來詞組「</span><span lang="EN-GB">mimmēʿeyḵā</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. from your belly, inner parts</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。約納在被大魚吞下之後,就是在大魚的「</span><span lang="EN-GB">mēʿeh</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(《思高》譯:魚「腹」;見納</span><span lang="EN-GB">2:1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">上主對亞巴郎的回應,並不是像律師的陳詞一樣直截了當。這回應由兩部分組成:一)第</span><span lang="EN-GB">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節,上主基本上只是重覆祂以前曾說過的話;二)第</span><span lang="EN-GB">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節,一個徵兆,舉目望天。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">但問題是,一個徵兆根本證明不了任何事。天上繁星,怎可能就是一個兒子的諾言的憑記?布魯格曼認為(</span><span lang="EN-GB">134</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),我們不應把這兩節文字的本質混淆。這不是上主的議論文,而是啟示。這是個撼動舊想法的新視野。在面對著一份不是基於人類理性,而是基於意識到天主就是天主而來這份肯定的信念,我們內心只有不斷掙扎,就如亞巴郎當時一樣。就在他人生的黑暗時期,亞巴郎獲得這份肯定的信念。把那徵兆和天主的承諾連繫起來的,是天主大能的關顧。那創造天上繁星的天主,也就是能夠為這不育的家庭創造一個兒子的同一個天主。那許下這諾言的天主,也就是使人能相信那諾言的同一個天主。就是意識到天主就是天主,讓亞巴郎找到將來希望的基礎。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】他相信了上主。祂便認為他有正義。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 上主這次重申諾言的結果是:他[=亞巴郎]相信了。這一節既是這一幕的結束,也是這一幕的焦點。這一節更是歷史上十分有名的,因為在發展其神學時,無論對保祿還是馬丁路德來說,這一節都是關鍵。這一節所帶出的議題是:一)究竟信[德](</span><span lang="EN-GB">faith</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)是甚麼?二)究竟信從何來?</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 事實上,之前五節都算不上是申辯勸說。所謂的重申諾言,其實都是在亞巴郎抱怨時就已經知道的事。布魯格曼認為(</span><span lang="EN-GB">144</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),這裏的解讀關鍵在於這一幕的文字結構。這一幕由兩部分組成(</span><span lang="EN-GB">1-3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節和</span><span lang="EN-GB">4-6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節),兩者結構相同:由一個承諾和一個回應組成。兩次承諾內容基本上一樣。但兩次回應的差別卻很大。亞巴郎的首次回應(</span><span lang="EN-GB">2-3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)是毫無信[德]的抱怨;第二次(</span><span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)卻是個充滿信[德]的行動。那麼,解讀的關鍵就是:為甚麼兩者差別這麼大?是甚麼驅使亞巴郎作出一個全新的回應?布魯特曼提出三個原因(</span><span lang="EN-GB">144-145</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 一)亞巴郎的心已經轉化。他放棄了單靠人能夠看見、觸摸和控制的方式來處理世事。不過,這新的人生方向並非籠統的宗教情操:船到橋頭自然直。他的回應是針對一位他認識的許諾者所作一個具體承諾。亞巴郎的信[德]只肯定一點:天主將給予他一個全新的將來,這將來並非來自當下的不育。可以說,他相信人生可以有一個全新的開始。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 二)雖然天主的兩次許諾本質上相近,但在第</span><span lang="EN-GB">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和</span><span lang="EN-GB">4-5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節中許諾的方式卻有一點不同。第二次許諾中包含了一個徵兆,即在尋常世事中辨別天主行動的線索。亞巴郎視天上繁星為天主在他人生中的大能的記號。這徵兆記號並不是一項證據或論證,而是一件聖事──</span><span lang="EN-GB">sacrament</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">=不可見恩寵的可見徵兆記號,即讓人能夠從具體可見之事中辨別出天主所許諾的事。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">三)說到底,亞巴郎的信[德]終要被視為一個來自天主的奇蹟。當然,我們不應以一種浪漫的方式來看待亞巴郎的信[德],視之為一項成就,或一個高尚的道德決定。相反,這個全新的亞巴郎,是承諾之言的產物。的確,亞巴郎之所以從抱怨過渡到相信,不是因為知識或論證,而是因為天主的大能,祂向人啟示,並使人接受祂的啟示。亞巴郎之所以繼續他的──具體的和人生的──旅程,不是基於他或撒辣的老弱殘軀,而是基於天主的啟示之言。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">「祂便認為他有正義」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)。在信仰史中,這句話是具革命性的。在這一刻,亞巴郎突然被視為一個中悅天主的人。聖經重申指出人類受造的意義,就是要成為義人。意思就是,信靠天主所給予的未來;即使當下被死影籠罩,仍要確信著那未來而生活。成義的意思就是,放棄對當下的掌握,以求一個全新的開始。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="http://uploads4.wikiart.org/images/james-tissot/abraham-guarding-his-sacrifice.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://uploads4.wikiart.org/images/james-tissot/abraham-guarding-his-sacrifice.jpg" height="400" width="291" /></a></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">訂立盟約(</span><span lang="EN-GB">7-21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)</span></h4>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">信[德]這議題在亞巴郎傳統中是很突出的。以下這一幕(</span><span lang="EN-GB">15:7-12</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)就匯報了信[德]行動的確認。就其現存形式,</span><span lang="EN-GB">1-6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節和</span><span lang="EN-GB">7-21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節之間的關係,可視為是託付行動和該託付的具體確認。──不過,據學界考究,就成書歷史而言,這兩部分原本很可能是沒有關係的,而且</span><span lang="EN-GB">7-21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節可能成書更早──。布魯格曼把這一幕分成三部分:</span><span lang="EN-GB">7-12, 17</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節;</span><span lang="EN-GB">13-16</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節;</span><span lang="EN-GB">18-21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】祂便對他說:「我是上主,就是我把你帶出加色丁人的烏爾(地方),為把這片土地給你,為讓你擁有她[=土地]」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】他便說:「我主上主,我藉著甚麼[才]知道我將擁有她[=土地]?」</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】祂便對他說:「拿給我一隻三歲的小母牛、一隻三歲的母山羊、一隻三歲的公綿羊、一隻斑鳩和一隻鶵鴿」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】他便把這一切拿給了祂,他便把它們從中間切開兩半,把各樣的半邊對著另一半。那些飛鳥他就沒有切開。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">11</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】食肉鳥便下到那些動物屍體上。亞巴郎便驅走牠們。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">12</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】太陽快將落下時,沉重的睡意降臨在亞巴郎[身]上,巨大陰沉的恐懼降臨在他[身]上。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[……]</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">17</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】太陽落下了,黑暗來了。突然,有煙盆和火把在這些切塊中間經過。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 第</span><span lang="EN-GB">7-12, 17</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節所呈現的,大概是一個相當古老的稀奇儀式。雖然儀式的具體細節有點模糊,但整個儀式都使人感到這是立約雙方一次莊嚴而沉重的約誓。也許就是某種血誓,藉可見的血灑來強調所作的諾言(如耶</span><span lang="EN-GB">34:18</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。第</span><span lang="EN-GB">17</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節似乎是輕描淡寫的提到上主那神秘而且不可見的臨在以某程形式參與了這次儀式。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">13</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】祂便對亞巴郎說:「你定要知道,你的子嗣要在不屬於他們的土地上成為僑[旅]居者。他們要服奴隸,要受侮辱,四百年之久。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】他們所服侍的那民族我將裁決。這些以後,他們將帶同大[量]財物走出去。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">15</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】至於你,你將在平安中進到你的父祖輩那裏,你將在美滿白頭之時被安葬。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">16</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】[到]第四代,他們將會回來,因為阿摩黎人的過犯尚未完全」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">第</span><span lang="EN-GB">13-16</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節所記載的,是對那諾言在以色列歷史中的發展的反思。也許這數節要處理的真正問題是:為何這承諾要花這麼長時間才實現?這數節以展望的方式來概覽以色列歷史,特別提到在埃及時所受的壓迫以及從埃及出谷逾越的事。──當然,單從</span><span lang="EN-GB">13</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節來建立歷史時序不完全是可靠的。──布魯格曼提出(</span><span lang="EN-GB">148</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),這段神學反思有三個重點:一)天主會信守承諾。諾言是肯定的,毋庸置疑;二)這承諾的兌現將會推遲,是基於文中所給予的歷史理由;三)亞巴郎──是天主給予這許諾的第一個人──毋需因推遲而擔憂。他只要知道這承諾將在下一代實現就夠了。他大方安心地接受自己的衰老和死亡。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">漫長的等待,似乎就是這一章的首要主題,甚至可算是貫穿整個亞巴郎傳統的主題。亞巴郎現時仍然無子,他必須繼續等待(</span><span lang="EN-GB">1-6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)。這等待甚至延續到世代之後(</span><span lang="EN-GB">13-16</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">就此,布魯格曼有很有意思的反省(</span><span lang="EN-GB">149</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">):信仰[德]的難題在於等待,尤其是當推遲是無休止的時候。這對我們時代來說也許是很有用的解讀。在我們這沒甚麼耐性的時代,我們傾向於推斷,只要現在得不到的話,我們就永遠都得不到。亞巴郎的不耐煩(</span><span lang="EN-GB">2-3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)反映出同樣的判斷。但恩賜不可強求。未來總是在天主手裏,是祂把它們給予我們的。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">18</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】在那一天,上主與亞巴郎立了約,說:「我把這片土地給了你的子嗣,從埃及的[那條]河流直到那條大河,[即]幼發拉底河。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">19</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】就是刻尼人、刻納次人、卡德摩尼人、【</span><span lang="EN-GB">20</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】赫特人、培黎齊人、勒法因人、【</span><span lang="EN-GB">21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】阿摩黎人、客納罕人、基爾加士人和耶步斯人[的土地]」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">第</span><span lang="EN-GB">18-21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節藉以許下土地承諾的盟約來結束其神學論述。這是唯一一段反映出盟約作為古亞巴郎傳統一部份的文字。──第十七章中的盟約思想顯然是後起的。──在第</span><span lang="EN-GB">9-11, 17</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節中,這盟約是藉儀式表達出來的。然而,在</span><span lang="EN-GB">18-21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節,這盟約則純粹是個承諾。這是天主單方面對亞巴郎作出的承諾,而且並無要求亞巴郎對天主要有可比擬的忠貞。換言之,這是個全然無償的(</span><span lang="EN-GB">free</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)恩賜。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">與天主在</span><span lang="EN-GB">18-21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節所作的無條件的承諾相呼應的是第</span><span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節。這兩段文字都重申天主對亞巴郎所作一切都是無償的,是無條件的。亞巴郎唯一需要做的就是去相信。這片應許之地似乎預示著聯合王國的版圖。學界甚至認為,第</span><span lang="EN-GB">18-21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節所描繪的是達味王朝在撒羅滿治下的全盛時期的真實國界(見列上</span><span lang="EN-GB">4:24</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。可以說,這許諾是從要一次戲劇地實現的視角來措辭的。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">總體來說,整篇第十五章想要問的,就是亞巴郎能否信靠(</span><span lang="EN-GB">trust</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)上主,以及上主能否為亞巴郎所信靠。而讓此兩者成事的,就是信[德](</span><span lang="EN-GB">faith</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。因為事情有所推遲而懷疑的,就是不肯定的信[德]。至於這道難題的答案,亞巴郎就要用餘生來探索。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">願上主祝福你、守護你,願上主使祂的臉光照你,施恩於你,願上主仰起臉眷顧你,賜你平安!(戶</span><span lang="EN-GB">6:24-26</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">梁展熙</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">參考書目:</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<ul>
<li>Brueggemann, Walter. <i>Genesis</i>. Interpretation, a Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching. Atlanta, GA: John Knox Press, 1982.</li>
<li>Koehler, Ludwig, Walter Baumgartner, M. E. J. Richardson, and Johann Jakob Stamm. <i>The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament</i>. Leiden; New York: E.J. Brill, 1999.</li>
<li>Wenham, Gordon J. <i>Genesis 1–15</i>. Word Biblical Commentary 1. Dallas: Word, 1989.</li>
</ul>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">插圖:</span><span lang="EN-GB">TISSOT, James. <i>Abram guarding his sacrifice</i>. 1896-1900. Jewish Museum, New York</span><br />
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<span lang="EN-GB">載於:《信訊雙週刊》第286期</span>天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-42674770695656543942016-02-20T05:34:00.000+08:002016-02-25T05:09:51.866+08:002016年苦難善耶穌(大耶穌)出遊相片集<h2 style="text-align: center;">
2016年苦難善耶穌(大耶穌)出遊相片集</h2>
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2月14日--從主教座堂返回聖奧斯定堂</h3>
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澳門教區傳播中心輯錄片段</h4>
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出遊前講道(中文)</h4>
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耶穌會郭春慶神父</div>
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苦難善耶穌(大耶穌)出遊</h4>
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第一站:苦路第一處</h4>
Primeira Estação: Jesus é condenado à morte<br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif; line-height: 16.8667px;">[第一處:耶穌被判死刑</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif; line-height: 16.8667px;">]</span><br />
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Ó meu Jesus, por aquela injusta sentença de morte tantas vezes confirmada por minhas culpas, livrai-me da sentença da eterna morte, que muito tenho merecido.</div>
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<span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; line-height: 16.8667px;">[我主耶穌,因我諸罪所加你身之不義死刑,求祢拯救我免受我本應受之永死]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">此第一處,發顯耶穌在比拉多衙門,受鞭子茨冠利害苦難之後,皮肉寒冷,血脈流空,諸骨盡露,比拉多聽惡人言語,判斷耶穌該死。</span></div>
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O vos ómnes qui
transítis per víam, atténdite et vidéte:</div>
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Si est dólor, Si est dólor, sícut dólor méus, sícut dólor méus.</div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif; line-height: 115%;">[「你們所有路過的人啊!留意吧!看看吧!哪裏有痛苦,哪裏有痛苦,像我所受的,</span><span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif; line-height: 16.8667px;">像我所受的</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif; line-height: 115%;">!」(見哀</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; line-height: 115%;">1:11</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif; line-height: 115%;">)]</span><br />
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Parce, Domine, parce
populo tuo:<o:p></o:p></div>
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ne in aeternum
irascaris nobis.<o:p></o:p></div>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[主啊!求祢寬免,求祢寬免爾民:勿永怒我等。]</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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Oremus:<o:p></o:p></div>
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Respice, quaesumus,
Domine, super hanc familiam tuam, pro qua Dominus noster Iesus Christus non
dubitavit manibus tradi nocentium et crucis subire tormentum.<o:p></o:p></div>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[請眾同禱:]</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">[主,我們懇求祢,垂目注視祢的這個家庭;為了她,我們的主耶穌基督毫不猶豫的被交付在惡人手中,忍受十架的折磨。]</span></div>
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Senhor Deus,
Misericórdia!<o:p></o:p></div>
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出遊隊伍途經議事亭前地,往第二站(玫瑰聖母堂)</h4>
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Segunda Estação: Jesus
aceita a pesada cruz</div>
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Ó meu Jesus, que voluntariamente tomastes aos ombros a pesadíssima Cruz, fabricada pelos meus pecados, fazei-me conhecer a gravidade deles e que eu os chore enquanto me durar a vida.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif; line-height: 115%;">此第二處,發顯吾主耶穌聽了比辣多審判該死,惡人強耶穌仍穿本衣服,使人認得。又拿一重大木十字架,令之肩負。</span><br />
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<h4>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; line-height: normal;">出遊隊伍途經板樟堂前地,往第三站(葡萄牙駐澳門及香港總領事館門前)</span></span></h4>
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Terceira Estação:
Jesus cai por terra<o:p></o:p></div>
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O enorme peso das
minhas culpas vos fez cair, ó meu Jesus, debaixo da vossa cruz me perdoe e
ajudado pela vossa graça não tornarei a pecar de novo.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">此第三處,發顯吾主耶稣背粗重十字架,肉身力盡筋疲,惡人腳踢手拉,故此跌倒在地。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<h4>
第四站:苦路第四處(公教中心門前)</h4>
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Quarta Estação: Jesus encontra Maria Santíssima<br />
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Aflitíssimo Jesus, Virgem dolorosíssima, se por minhas culpas passadas
tenho sido causa das vossas penas e dores, espero que com o auxilio divino, não
será assim no resto da minha vida, mas que fielmente vos amarei até a morte.</span><br />
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">此第四處,發顯吾主耶稣背十字架,路上遇見聖母瑪利亞。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<h4>
第五站:苦路第七處(南灣大馬路巴掌圍巴士站)</h4>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">Quinta </span>Estação: Jesus
cai pela segunda vez<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">[</span>第五處:耶穌第二次跌倒<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">]</span><br />
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[ca.] As minhas repetidas culpas vos fizeram cair em terra novamente. Ó meu Jesus, ajude-me a não pecar mais.<br />
<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">[</span>我重犯諸罪使祢再次跌倒地上。啊!我主耶穌,求祢助我不再犯罪。<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">]</span><br />
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">此第五處,發顯吾主耶穌出城畤力乏,第二次跌倒,聖傷重開,聖血重流。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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O vos ómnes qui transítis per víam, atténdite et vidéte:<br />
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Si est dólor, Si est dólor, sícut dólor méus, sícut dólor méus.<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;"></span><br />
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif; line-height: 18.4px;">[「你們所有路過的人啊!留意吧!看看吧!哪裏有痛苦,哪裏有痛苦,像我所受的,</span><span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif; line-height: 16.8667px;">像我所受的</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif; line-height: 18.4px;">!」(見哀</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; line-height: 18.4px;">1:11</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif; line-height: 18.4px;">)]</span><br />
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Parce, Domine, parce populo tuo:<o:p></o:p></div>
ne in aeternum irascaris nobis.<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span><br />
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<o:p></o:p></div>
<span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">[主啊!求祢寬免,求祢寬免爾民:勿永怒我等。]</span><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span>
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Oremus:<o:p></o:p></div>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">[請眾同禱:]</span><br />
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Respice, quaesumus, Domine, super hanc familiam tuam, pro qua Dominus noster Iesus Christus non dubitavit manibus tradi nocentium et crucis subire tormentum.<o:p></o:p></div>
<span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">[主,我們懇求祢,垂目注視祢的這個家庭;為了她,我們的主耶穌基督毫不猶豫的被交付在惡人手中,忍受十架的折磨。]</span><br />
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Senhor Deus, Misericórdia!<o:p></o:p></div>
<span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">[主、天主,求祢垂憐!]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<h4>
出遊隊伍經卑第巷往第六站:苦路第九處(聖老楞佐堂門前)</h4>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; line-height: 115%;">Sexta</span> Estação: Jesus
cai pela terceira vez<o:p></o:p></div>
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Ó meu Jesus caístes de
novo pela minha culpa e pecado fazei com que eu não torne a cair, pois prefiro
morrer a pecar.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">此第六處,發顯吾主耶穌到加爾瓦略山下,肉身力量甚乏,第三次跌倒,聖傷全裂,傷口震開。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">出遊隊伍到達第七站:苦路第十二處(聖奧斯定堂)</span></h4>
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Sétima Estação: Jesus morre na cruz<o:p></o:p></div>
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Ó meu Jesus depois de
três horas de tortura na cruz me destes o perdão e a reconciliação com Deus.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">此第七處,發顯吾主耶穌聖身,懸在十字架上,惡黨搖動,聖傷重開,聖血重流,豎立十字架在土中,兩旁又釘二盜,惡衆大聲譏笑咒罵,其時太陽失光,地動山開,石相觸碎,墳墓自闢,堂中帪幔,從上而下分開。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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部分載於:《信訊雙週刊》第286期</div>
天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-43697913283030947122016-02-13T22:34:00.002+08:002016-02-13T22:34:45.104+08:00法規中的意義<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">古經今讀</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">丙年四旬期第一主日</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">法規中的意義</span></h2>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">讀經一:申</span><span lang="EN-GB">26:4-10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在連續兩主日讀到先知的職務呼召之後,我們終於暫時離開先知文學,回到《五書》。今天禮儀所選讀的,來自《申命紀》。雖然,我們平時閱讀舊約時,一旦讀到法規條文時,都會覺得枯橾而跳過,但如果嘗試克服這種心理,然後深入了解的話,可能別有洞天。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">今天所讀的《申》第廿六章,是頒佈進入應許之地後的日常生活法規(十二至廿六章)的結束。整章共</span><span lang="EN-GB">15</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節,內容有關以民一取得應許之地、開始新生活──從遊牧過渡到農耕──後就要馬上舉行的兩個特別儀式。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這兩個要在不同時刻不同地點舉行的儀式分別是:一)奉獻大地的首次初果(</span><span lang="EN-GB">1-11</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節);二)首次舉行三年一度的什一奉獻(</span><span lang="EN-GB">12-15</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)。由於讀經只取自第一部分(</span><span lang="EN-GB">4-10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節),並有篇幅之限,本文將略去第二部分。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】當你[=以色列子民]進入那塊土地</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,那[塊]上主你的天主要給你[作為]產業[的土地]時,[當]你擁有她[=土地],在她內居住[時],</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來名詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʾereṣ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. land, earth</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),本義:土地、大地。如上文下理無特別指示,則帶定冠詞的「這</span><span lang="EN-GB">/</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">那大地」專指「應許之地」──即客納罕地=以色列的地區。涵義與同在本文中出現的「土壤」不盡相同,見</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。</span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在應許之地內(見:「當你進入那塊土地…」),並在征服了這片土地之後(見:「當你擁有她…」),以及在以民得藉該片土地的出產而維生的時候(見:「在她內居住」),下述儀式就要舉行。首批收成的奉獻要在五旬節(又名:初熟節、七七節[=逾越的七個七天後])舉行(見申</span><span lang="EN-GB">16:9-12; 18:4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;另見戶</span><span lang="EN-GB">28:26</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。但值得一提的是,與逾越節和立約儀式紀念不同的是,對未進應許之地的這群梅瑟最後訓言的聽眾來說,初果節是個全新的、從未舉行過的儀式。原因很簡單,在取得土地之前,他們尚未過渡到農耕生活,自然就不會有與收成有關的節日。因此,這項在以民一取得應許之地就舉行的初果奉獻,標誌著以色列民全新的生活的開始。這是自天主許下盟約許諾以來,以民期待已久的。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】你要拿來那整片土壤</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的首批果實──那些你從你的土地</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">裏帶來的,那[土地]是上主你的天主正要給你的──,你要把她[=首批土壤之果]放進一個籃中。你要走到上主你的天主將會揀選來在那裏建立祂的名字的地方去。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】你要進到當值的司祭那裏,你要對他說:今天我要對上主你的天主報告,我已進入那塊土地</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,那[塊]上主向我們的父祖輩</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*3]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">發誓要給予我們[的土地]。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來名詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʾădāmâ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. ground, arable soil</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),本義:「地面、可耕作的泥土」。</span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這節日將在一個祭壇前舉行,但地點天主將會在後來決定。屆時,以民要把初果的一部分放進籃中。而籃中的部分就象徵著他所帶來的全部,然後,每個人都要走到主持祭壇的司祭那裏,在他面前作一段公開宣言。有聖經學者認為(如:</span><span lang="EN-GB">Craigie, 1976:320</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),這段宣言有兩重意義:一)是個人的證詞,他已進入應許之地,而籃中收成就象徵著他已開始經驗到天主所給予的新土地和新生活的祝福;二)是信仰的見證,天主信實地兌現祂很久以前所許下的諾言:把一片土地賜給祂的子民。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】在上主你的天主的祭壇前,那司祭要從你手中拿走那籃。他要把它放在上主你天主的祭壇前。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">學界無法肯定餘下的儀式如何進行,因為這段文字太過精簡。按這節,司祭從參禮者手中取過籃子,放在祭壇;但根據第</span><span lang="EN-GB">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節,是由該參禮者自己把籃放在上主面前(即祭壇前)。有些人認為這是聖經敘述的矛盾之一,或說這是把不同來源(傳統?)的編修留下的痕跡。另一個說法是,行文的本意是,先由司祭把動作和說話做一遍,然後由參禮者重覆。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】你要回答,你要對上主你的天主說:「我的父祖是個死期將至</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*3]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的亞蘭人,他下到埃及去,人數不多,旅居[或:僑居]在那裏。在那裏他成了一個大民族,數量龐大。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*3]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來動詞「’</span><span lang="EN-GB">-b-d</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」分詞(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. perishing</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),本義:快將死亡的。上譯稍作修飾,以合行文。</span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這節所指的是雅各伯,他與兒子們一同進入埃及。在他來到埃及時,已年事相當高(</span><span lang="EN-GB">130</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">歲;見創</span><span lang="EN-GB">47:9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),並快要死去(見創</span><span lang="EN-GB">45:28; 46:30</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。之所以稱他為亞蘭人,大概是因為他所娶的兩姐妹是亞蘭人。藉原本快將死去的人後裔成了人數多如繁星民族的強烈對比,來帶出天主兌現祂許諾的行動之厲害。至於提到雅各伯家族的僑居身份,則與現在擁有自己土地奉獻農產的後裔作對比。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】那[些]埃及[人]便虐待我們,羞辱我們。他[們]便把艱苦的奴役加諸我們身上。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】我們便向上主我們父祖輩的天主高呼號哭。上主便聽到了我們的聲音,看到了我們的慘況,我們的困境,和我們[所受]的壓迫。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】上主便從埃及領了我們出來,以強壯的手,以伸展的臂,以巨大的恐懼,以徵兆,和以奇事。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 這段宣言從身在客納罕地的雅各伯開始,然後述說他移居埃及。這第二部分則從埃及開始,述說偉大的出谷事件。天主的子民在埃及備受虐待,呼號求救;天主聽見了他們的哭喊,並彰顯大能,把他們從那地方中解救出來。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 從這樣的結構來看,這段宣言的中心思想是為得到土地而謝恩,思路如下(</span><span lang="EN-GB">Craigie, 322</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">):一)身為一個細小家族──按古時標準──家長的雅各伯,並沒有土地;二)在埃及中,以色列已成為一個「民族」,卻沒有土地,也沒有得到土地的希望;三)大方恩慈的天主,克服重重阻礙,給予了祂子民一塊土地。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">這段宣言並未有述說以民以往歷史中的所有大事,因為這段宣言是以土地為中心的。</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">9</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】祂便把我們帶進了這地方。他便把這塊土地給了我們,一塊流著奶和蜜的土地</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】現在,我已把這土壤</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的首批果實帶了進來,那[土壤]是上主給予我們的」。你要把它留在上主你的天主面前,你要俯伏在上主你的天主面前。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">11</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】你要因上主給予你和你的家[庭]的好事而喜躍,[包括]你和肋未人和在你們中的異鄉人。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">第</span><span lang="EN-GB">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節上半部分可算是整段宣言的高峰。在回顧了天主為祂的子民帶來土地的一切事件之後,這片土地上的第一代居民把這土地的首批出產回獻給上主。這肯定是個情感強烈無比的時刻,是人們數世紀以來期盼已久的天主許諾兌現時刻。感恩奉獻也自是應該。這也當然是個喜慶時刻,不單得到土地的人要慶祝,即使肋未人──他們沒有土地──和僑居的異鄉人──沒有土地產權──也可參與其中。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">讀聖經中的法規,尤其這段只舉行一次,根本不會再舉行的『沒用』法規,看似沉悶,甚至沒意義。但我相信,聖經之所以保留這些法規,不是為要後人墨守成規的。而是要讓我們明白,當時的人為何寫下並遵行這法規,原因是甚麼,理由又是甚麼。然後,因應各世代的時代徵兆,以體現這些原因和理由的原則來生活。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">願上主祝福你、守護你,願上主使祂的臉光照你,施恩於你,願上主仰起臉眷顧你,賜你平安!(戶</span><span lang="EN-GB">6:24-26</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">梁展熙</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">參考書目:</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<ul>
<li>Brueggemann, Walter. <i>Isaiah 1–39</i>. Westminster Bible Companion. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 1998.</li>
<li>Craigie, Peter C. <i>The Book of Deuteronomy</i>, The New International Commentary on the Old Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1976.</li>
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<span lang="EN-GB">原載於:</span><span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">《</span>信訊雙週刊<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">》</span>第285期</div>
天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-68529662220758466182016-02-09T20:31:00.000+08:002016-02-13T22:48:28.075+08:00慈悲禧年 踐實善工<div class="MsoNormal">
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<span lang="EN-GB">2016</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年四旬期文告</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">慈悲禧年</span><span lang="ZH-TW"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">踐實善工</span></h2>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">「我喜歡仁愛勝過祭獻」(瑪</span>9:<span lang="EN-GB">13</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">)</span></h3>
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<span lang="EN-GB">1 </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">瑪利亞──教會的圖像,因為教會被福傳而傳播福音</span></h4>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">在慈悲特殊禧年詔書中,我懇請各位信友能「更熱心善度這禧年的四旬期,使成為慶祝和經驗天主慈悲的特殊卓越時刻」(《慈悲面容》</span><span lang="EN-GB">17</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">)。我請求大家用心地聆聽天主聖言,也鼓勵大家「奉獻廿四小時給天主」,藉此強調在祈禱中聆聽天主聖言的重要性,特別是先知性的話語。天主的慈悲是要向世人宣告,但每一位基督徒卻先被召叫去體驗天主的慈悲。為此,在四旬期間,我將派遣慈悲傳教士作為天主親近和寬恕所有人的具體標記。</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">聖母瑪利亞從總領天使佳播領受了喜訊後,在讚主曲中以預言的方式歌頌天主的仁慈,她是因天主的仁慈被揀選。這位曾與若瑟訂婚的納匝肋童貞女,因聖神受孕生子,就成為教會的圖像,因為教會被福傳而傳播福音,而教會藉著聖神的大能,在過去和現在一直都被福傳。在舊約先知的傳統中,甚至從語源學來說,「慈悲」正是與「母胎」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">rahamim</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)緊密相關,也與在夫妻及父母關係中所表現的慷慨大方、信實忠心及慈悲為懷(</span><span lang="EN-GB">hesed</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)有密切關係。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">2. </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">天主與人類所立的盟約:一部慈悲史</span></h4>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">在天主與以色列子民的盟約史中,啟示了上主慈悲的奧祕。天主顯示自己是永遠富於仁愛,永遠願意以無與倫比的溫柔及憐憫之心對待祂的子民,尤其是在可悲的時刻:當以色列的不忠破壞這盟約,以及事後必須更堅定地在公義和真理中被確認盟約的時候。我們在此面對的,是一個真正和寫實的愛情故事,在這故事中,天主扮演遭背叛的父親和丈夫,以色列則是不忠信的孩子和配偶。這些都是家庭的圖像,正如在歐瑟亞先知書中所述(參歐一–二),為表達出天主是多麼希望與祂的子民密切地結合為一。</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這愛情故事在降生成人的天主子身上達到巔峰。天父在基督內傾注了無窮無盡的慈悲,甚至使祂的聖子成為「化身成人的慈悲」(《慈悲面容》</span><span lang="EN-GB">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。降生成人的納匝肋耶穌,是真正的以色列之子;祂具體展現了下面這段經文對每一個猶太人所要求的全然的聆聽,即使今天,這也是天主與以色列人民所立的盟約的核心:「以色列!你要聽:上主我們的天主,是唯一的上主。你當全心、全靈、全力,愛上主你的天主」(申六</span><span lang="EN-GB">4-5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。身為天主子的耶穌是新郎,盡其所能要贏得祂淨配的愛,祂對這位淨配的愛是無條件的,並在永恒的婚筵上彰顯出來。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這就是宗徒最初宣講(</span><span lang="EN-GB">apostolic kerygma</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)的核心──天主的慈悲就是其基礎及重點。亦即「天主藉著死而復活的耶穌基督所彰顯的救贖愛情」(《福音的喜樂》</span><span lang="EN-GB">36</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),這宗徒的最初宣講必須「遍及教理講授整個過程中的每個層面和時刻,我們必須用不同的方式,一次又一次地予以聆聽,並設法予以宣告」(《福音的喜樂》</span><span lang="EN-GB">164</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。慈悲「表達了天主如何向罪人伸出援手,給他新的機會去再次省察、悔改,以及相信」(《慈悲面容》</span><span lang="EN-GB">21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。天主就是要藉著被釘在十字架上的耶穌接近罪人,正是在罪人迷失及遠離天主之處。天主這樣做,是希望能軟化祂淨配的心硬。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">3. </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">慈悲善工</span></h4>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">天主的慈悲能轉變人心,使人因經驗到信實的愛而變為滿懷慈悲。天主的慈悲在我們的生命中散發光芒,積極鼓勵每個人去愛自己的近人,投身於教會傳統稱為神哀矜和形哀矜的慈悲善工,這是一種歷久彌新的奇蹟。這些慈悲善工提醒我們,我們的信仰就在每天幫助近人的具體行動中表達出來,而我們將來就是要在這些事上受審判:餵養他人,探訪他人、安慰他人及教導他人。因此「我熱切渴望,基督子民能在這禧年,思索慈悲的神形哀矜善工。讓我們深入福音的核心;在這裡窮人尤其體驗到天主的慈悲」(《慈悲面容》</span><span lang="EN-GB">15</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">)。因為在窮人當中,「基督的身體,有形可見於受酷刑、受壓迫、受鞭笞、忍饑受餓、流離失所者身上……,等待著我們的肯定、撫慰、關懷」(同上,</span><span lang="EN-GB">15</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">)。無罪羔羊的受苦,竟隨著時間而延伸,這是個史無前例及難以置信的奧祕:在這燃燒著無償之愛的荊棘面前,我們要像梅瑟一樣脫下鞋子(參看出</span>3:<span lang="EN-GB">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">),尤其是當那些窮人正是為信仰而受苦的主內弟兄姊妹。</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在猛如死亡的愛光照之下(參看雅歌</span><span lang="EN-GB">8:6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),真正的可憐人是那些不願視自己為窮人的人。他們自認為富有,實際上卻是窮人中的最貧窮的人。因為他們是罪惡的奴隸,不把財富和權力用於服侍天主及他人,反而壓抑了內心最深處的感覺:他們也只不過是貧窮的乞丐。他們的權力和財富越多,他們的盲點和自欺也越多,甚至在門口乞討的拉匝祿都視而不見(參看路</span><span lang="EN-GB">16:20-21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。窮人拉匝祿是基督的圖像,基督藉由此位窮人懇求我們悔改。拉匝祿代表了天主所給予我們悔改的機會,但我們或許根本沒有看見。這樣的盲目往往伴隨著一種傲慢的錯覺,誤以為自己無所不能,也就是反映在魔鬼詭詐的話語中:「你會像天主一樣」(創</span><span lang="EN-GB">3:5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),而這正是一切罪惡之根源。這個錯覺同樣能以社會和政治形式出現,例如廿世紀的極權制度,以及現代的壟斷思想和科技思維等,把天主視為無關緊要,並把人類淪為可加以利用的資料。同樣,在基於金錢崇拜的虛假發展模式上,也看得到罪惡的結構──較富裕的個人及社會對窮人漠不關心,向他們關上大門,甚至拒絕看窮人一眼。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">因此,對所有人而言,這慈悲特殊禧年的四旬期是一個良機,藉著聆聽天主聖言及慈悲善工,好能擺脫生命的失落感。藉著形哀矜,我們就在那些需要被餵養、被著衣、被收留、被探望的弟兄姊妹身上觸摸到基督;我們實踐神哀矜──解人疑惑、教導愚蒙、赦人侮辱、勸人悔改和為生者死者祈禱,這些善工便直接地觸及到我們自己的罪人之身。神哀矜與形哀矜絕對不能分離。其實,正是在受苦者的身上觸摸被釘十字架的耶穌,罪人也能意識到,如同獲得恩賜一樣,他自己也是窮人和貧困者。若遵循這途徑,讚主曲中所說的那些「心高氣傲」、「有權勢」、「富有」的人,也都會有機會察覺到自己是不配得到被釘十字架、死而復活的基督所愛。人以為能從知識、權力和財富等偶像中獲得滿足,但唯有在基督的愛中,人才能滿足他對無窮幸福及愛的渴望。然而,這種危險經常存在,由於內心越來越封閉,所以拒絕接納在窮人身上的基督,以致那些富有、心高氣傲、有權勢的人最後還是會自定其罪,因而墮入永遠的孤獨深淵─地獄。所以,亞巴郎令人深省的話語在此重新為他們以及為我們所有的人迴響著:「他們自有梅瑟及先知,聽從他們好了」(路</span><span lang="EN-GB">16:29</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。這樣積極地聆聽聖言是最好的方式,去準備慶祝復活的新郎戰勝罪惡及死亡的勝利──祂渴望潔淨期待祂來臨的新娘。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我們千萬不要錯過今年四旬期悔改的良機!讓我們藉著童貞聖母瑪利亞慈母的轉禱,祈求天主,她是第一個在天主偉大的慈悲,無條件地賜予她時,承認了自己的卑微(參看路</span><span lang="EN-GB">1:48</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),又自稱為上主卑微的婢女。(參看路</span><span lang="EN-GB">1:38</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">2015</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年</span><span lang="EN-GB">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">月</span><span lang="EN-GB">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">日</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">發自梵蒂岡</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(<a href="http://www.catholic.org.tw/catholic/crbc_popeletr.php">台灣明愛會恭譯</a>)</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-78830545459628018862016-02-07T22:45:00.002+08:002016-02-07T22:46:56.763+08:00受傷的家庭<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">教宗方濟各</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">週三要理講授</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">‧</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">論家庭之廿八</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">受傷的家庭</span></h2>
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<span style="font-family: PMingLiU, serif;">親愛的弟兄姐妹,早晨!</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiobiJWxvWA2mnK7soxV1fGdMCCU6TXPsnlOjCftm43gmhR-Iagg_70j1G8l2JU9vKUtjaSWuX3noL0BKYz58grJq57aHY7vZK8OeBDg3DPLpLBoBgTt5vRSzmoZ-O764-c8xTZA_Cof_4/s1600/OSSROM61082_Articolo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="226" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiobiJWxvWA2mnK7soxV1fGdMCCU6TXPsnlOjCftm43gmhR-Iagg_70j1G8l2JU9vKUtjaSWuX3noL0BKYz58grJq57aHY7vZK8OeBDg3DPLpLBoBgTt5vRSzmoZ-O764-c8xTZA_Cof_4/s320/OSSROM61082_Articolo.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">澳門信友敬獻教宗方濟各:「痌瘝在抱」</span></td></tr>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在這次要理講授中,我們繼續省思家庭。上一次我談到夫妻之間不理解所導致的受傷家庭,今天我打算把注意力放在另一個情況上:我們該怎樣呵護那些在婚姻不可挽回的失敗後,再次走入新的結合的人。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">教會清楚知道這種狀況有違基督徒的聖事。然而,她的教導目光始終從一顆慈母之心中汲取養分;這顆受到聖神啟發的心,總是尋求人類的福祉和得救。這就是為什麼教會</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">出於真理之愛</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,感到有責任</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">仔細分辨情況</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。聖若望保祿二世在《家庭團體》勸諭中如此寫道(</span>84<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">號),並列舉出遭受遺棄者和引發離異者之間的區別。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">此外,當我們用幼小子女的眼睛、用兒童的眼睛觀察這些新的結合時,還會看到我們的團體迫切需要學會真正地接納生活在這種狀況中的人。信仰團體的姿態、言語及行為應常常留意人,留意兒童,這很重要。兒童在這些情況中受苦最大。另一方面,若我們把這些父母親擋在信仰團體生活之外,把他們當作受到絕罰的人,那我們如何勸勉他們教育子女善度基督信仰生活,做子女令人信服及實際踐行的信仰表率呢?必須設法不要再增添這些子女的負擔,他們在這種情況中已經不得不承受沉重的包袱了!不幸的是,這些兒童和孩子的數目的確很多。必須讓他們感受到教會如同關懷眾人的母親,始終樂意聆聽並與人會晤,這很重要。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">實際上,這數十年來,教會並非麻木不仁,也未怠惰。牧人們在我幾位前任指導和證實下進行的深入研究,使教會的意識大幅提高,懂得了需要本著愛和真理,友善並殷勤地接納在婚姻聖事失敗後又建立新生活的信友。實際上,這些人完全沒有受絕罰,他們沒有被逐出教會!他們絕對沒有被如此看待:他們始終屬於教會。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">本篤十六世教宗關於這個問題發表了講話,他勉勵仔細分辨情況、給予明智的牧靈陪伴,要知道世上沒有</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">簡單的處方</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。(第七屆世界家庭大會上的講話,米蘭,</span>2012<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年</span>6<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">月</span>2<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">日,回答</span>5<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我的前任牧人們總是邀請教會團體公開且一致地表明樂意接納及鼓勵他們,好讓他們藉著祈禱、聆聽天主聖言、經常參加教會禮儀、向子女傳授基督信仰、行愛德及服事窮人、致力於正義與和平,更加活出並增進對基督和教會的歸屬感。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">耶穌善牧的聖經圖像(若</span>10:11-18<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)概括了耶穌從天父那裡領受的使命:為羊捨掉自己的性命。教會應效法這種態度,如同母親那樣接納自己的子女,為他們捨掉自己的性命。</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">教會蒙召成為天父門庭大開的家園</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。不可留下一扇關閉的門!一扇關閉的門都不可有!</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">每個人都可在某方面參與教會的生活,每個人都可成為團體的一分子。教會是天父的家,那裡總有容人之處,不管他們身上帶著甚麼包袱</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">」</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(《福音的喜樂》</span>47<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">號)。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">同樣地,所有基督徒都蒙召效法耶穌善牧。基督徒家庭尤其可以與祂合作,照顧受傷的家庭,在團體的信仰生活中予以陪伴。每個人都要善盡其職,採取善牧的態度。善牧認識自己的每隻羊,不將任何一隻羊排除在祂無止境的愛之外。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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2015<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年</span>8<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">月</span>5<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">日</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">轉載於:</span><span style="font-family: PMingLiU, serif;">《</span><span style="font-family: PMingLiU, serif;">信訊雙週刊</span><span style="font-family: PMingLiU, serif;">》</span><span style="font-family: PMingLiU, serif;">第285期</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">原文載於:<a href="http://zht.radiovaticana.va/news/2015/08/06/%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97%E6%96%B9%E6%BF%9F%E5%90%842015%E5%B9%B48%E6%9C%885%E6%97%A5%E9%80%B1%E4%B8%89%E8%A6%81%E7%90%86%E8%AC%9B%E6%8E%88%E5%85%A8%E6%96%87%EF%BC%9A%E5%AE%B6%E5%BA%AD%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E5%8F%97%E5%82%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%B6%E5%BA%AD/1163421">梵蒂岡廣播電台中文版網頁</a></span></div>
天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-82171391209174205992016-02-06T01:31:00.000+08:002016-02-07T01:32:20.190+08:00依撒意亞 召叫神視?<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">古經今讀</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">丙年常年期第五主日</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">依撒意亞 召叫神視?</span></h2>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">讀經一:依</span><span lang="EN-GB">6:1-2a,3-8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">一個人的人生感召,是相當重要的,是他起步人生的動力,是他在困難挫折時回望然後重拾信心的時刻。無獨有偶,禮儀在上主日讓我們讀過耶肋米亞先知的先知職務感召之後,在這主日則讓我們經驗一下另一位重要的先知──依撒意亞──的一次感召。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">由於這類感召經驗這麼重要,除了禮儀所跳選的數節之外,我們會稍稍看看整個感召過程,讓我們更能理解依撒意亞先知往後的職務。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在進入這一章之前,我們先要處理的問題有二。其一:究竟《依撒意亞先知書》第六章所描述的,是否依撒意亞的「先知職感召」?有不少學者如此認為(如見</span><span lang="EN-GB">Childs, 2001:51-54</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。他們的理據是,首先,如此強烈的經驗,沒理由在開始他先知職務的感召之後才發生。其次,依氏這次經驗是如此全面,包括了他的畏懼和罪過承認,以及天主潔淨他的罪咎,應該在他職務開始發生,而不是後來的經驗才對。第三,交託給依氏的訊息,性質是如此大致性的,體現了他所有後來的訊息。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">有另一些學者則抱持不同看法(如見</span><span lang="EN-GB">Brueggemann, 1998:58-59</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。他們認為,假若《依》第六章真是描寫依氏的感召的話,編修者理應置之於第一章。而《依》第六章中所描寫的依氏宣講結果──聽而不明,看而不知,在往後兩章發生在敘利亞-厄弗辣因戰爭的期間充份體現。他們推論第六章是因此而置於第七章之前。至於依氏的深層回應,他們則反駁,即使在他的起始感召之後,依氏仍是個罪人的事實,根本不令人意外。因此,他們的結論是,這次經驗,純粹是上主委派依氏去履行一項任務,而不是一份職務。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">由於兩派理由都未絕對充份,我個人未有結論。至於取哪方說法,請看倌自行定斷。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">第二個問題是:依撒意亞的神視,是否發生在撒羅滿所建的聖殿?事實上,希伯來語「</span><span lang="EN-GB">hêḵāl</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">6:1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;下譯:殿宇),既可解「聖殿」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">temple</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),又可解「宮殿」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">palace</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。那麼,這裏所指的,是前者還是後者?</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge-oXQcEAFBT8Uda8j6QkqzXc7dA0lhDVxA_KthwqSsmskEw6WE3AJM1gJgt_zRnlmnKVd5FFbwn_Zy3xkTQ_yydg20Qg6hArijQT0QrxLgNj9CYQthjKbcJal6GzwpQ6RRFjmd3wUSbY/s1600/%25E5%258F%25A4%25E7%25B6%2593%25E4%25BB%258A%25E8%25AE%2580+-+O+5+-+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="638" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge-oXQcEAFBT8Uda8j6QkqzXc7dA0lhDVxA_KthwqSsmskEw6WE3AJM1gJgt_zRnlmnKVd5FFbwn_Zy3xkTQ_yydg20Qg6hArijQT0QrxLgNj9CYQthjKbcJal6GzwpQ6RRFjmd3wUSbY/s640/%25E5%258F%25A4%25E7%25B6%2593%25E4%25BB%258A%25E8%25AE%2580+-+O+5+-+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在神視中,依撒意亞看見上主坐在御座上。當然,御座──統治者的座位──不會在聖殿中出現,而是在皇宮之中。在該神視中,上主君臨天下般坐在御座之中,旁有「色辣芬」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">seraphim</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)侍奉左右。假設事發地點是聖殿的話,上主會坐在哪裏?只有可能是最神聖的地方,即「至聖所」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">Holy of Holies</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;見上圖中的</span><span lang="EN-GB">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。但依氏怎會在那裏?只有司祭長才可走過帳幔,進入至聖所,而且只可以一年一次(見肋</span><span lang="EN-GB">16:15-17</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。事實上,烏齊雅王人生的最後十一年都身患癩病,就是因為他進入了聖殿並企圖侵佔司祭職務(見編下</span><span lang="EN-GB">26:16-21</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。因此,依氏怎會在那裏!</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">是故,不少學者的結論是,依撒意亞所見到的,是天主的天上宮殿。祂的天兵神將旁坐兩側,祂的光榮向四方照耀。這樣來解讀依氏的神視──有「色辣芬」在御座四周飛舞、讚美上主的對唱、門檻因呼聲而震動、整所殿宇充滿煙霞──更莊嚴肅穆:在天地王者面前,天搖地動。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">依撒意亞的神視(</span><span lang="EN-GB">6:1-8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span></h4>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">神視由四部分組成:依撒意亞看見上主的光榮;依氏宣認他自己的不潔;依氏得到天主的潔淨;依氏回應天主的呼召。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h4>
<span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span><span lang="EN-GB">1-4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節:依撒意亞看見上主的光榮</span></h4>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】在烏齊雅王駕崩的那一年,我看見我主正就坐於高高在上的御座。他的袍擺鋪滿整座殿宇</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】「色辣芬」[複數]</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">站在祂上面</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*3]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,六翼成對</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*4]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,各有六翼成對</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*5]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。牠用兩[翼]遮掩牠的面,用兩[翼]來遮掩牠的雙腳,用兩[翼]來飛行。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】各人向彼此高呼,說:神聖的、神聖的、神聖的[是]萬軍的</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*6]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">上主。祂的光榮充滿整個大地。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】因為呼聲迴盪,眾門檻的轉軸[=門鉸]都震動。那殿房</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*7]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">滿佈煙霧。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*1]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來名詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">hêḵāl</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」,既可解「聖殿」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">temple</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),又可解「宮殿」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">palace</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),相信意思包括整個建築物群;為廣含兩義,取譯「殿宇」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*2]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來複數名詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">śǝrāp̄îm</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」,單數作「</span><span lang="EN-GB">śārāp̄</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」。詳見下文。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*3]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來前置詞(介詞)「</span><span lang="EN-GB">mimmaʿal</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. from above = [idiomatic] above</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。「左右」,之說,大概是來自古希臘語譯本《七十賢士本》「κ</span><span lang="EN-GB">ύκλῳ αὐτοῦ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(音:</span><span lang="EN-GB">kuklōi autou</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;英:</span><span lang="EN-GB">around him</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*4]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">上譯按現在各猶太-基督信仰傳承都認受的文本(</span><span lang="EN-GB">textus receptus</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;指瑪素勒本</span><span lang="EN-GB">MT</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),重複「六翼成對」一句。唯現存最古老的完整《依》手抄本</span><span lang="EN-GB">1QIsaa</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">卻沒有重複此句。從古代西方已見的語言現象來解釋,學界認為是「</span><span lang="EN-GB">haplography</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(=寫漏一次),即本來同一語言單元是重複兩次,但在漫長複抄過程中有以為重複了而事實卻並未重複的現象(如見</span><span lang="EN-GB">Watts, 2005:102 n. 2b</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*5]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來詞組「š</span><span lang="EN-GB">ē</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">š</span><span lang="EN-GB"> kǝnāp̄ayim</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」=「š</span><span lang="EN-GB">ē</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">š」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">six</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;六)+「</span><span lang="EN-GB">kǝnāp̄ayim</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">[a] pair of wings</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;雙翼)。字義直譯本作「六對翼」。但從</span><span lang="EN-GB">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節下來看,意思該是</span><span lang="EN-GB">2+2+2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">=「</span><span lang="EN-GB">six wings in pair</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」,故譯「六翼成對」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*6]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來名詞複數「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ṣǝḇāʾôt</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. armies, hosts</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">);本義(之一)作「軍隊、兵馬」。定語「萬」沿用慣譯,以強調其複數程度。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*7]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來名詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">bayit</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. house</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),房舍,相當指建築物的一個單元。為表達出原文這裏用詞與第</span><span lang="EN-GB">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節的「</span><span lang="EN-GB">hêḵāl</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」不同,故譯「殿房」。</span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">依撒意亞的神視,是發生「在烏齊雅王駕崩的那一年」。因此,這神視對依撒意亞(以及南國猶大?)來說,是亂世中的一顆定心丸。畢竟,無論繼烏齊雅王之位的是誰也好,天主仍然穩坐在天廷御座之上。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在這四節神視中,「我看見我主」一句就是中心,其餘的都不過是注釋而已。雖然在文字的層次,「高高在上」是形容御座的位置,但也同樣可用來形容上主本身。上主的袍擺同樣突顯出上主的偉大。那袍擺佈滿整間殿房。如此壯觀的袍擺就顯示出穿著者的地位。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">至於「色辣芬」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">śārāp̄</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)一字,來自希伯來語動詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ś-r-p̄</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」,本義「燃燒」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">to burn</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。由此看來,此字意之所指,是那些侍奉上主的有翼物體的光耀奪目、火光熊熊的外表。牠們之所以有此外表,可能是因為牠們反映出他們所服侍的那位的耀眼面容。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這裏,是《聖經》唯一一處提到六翼色辣芬之處;而別處提到的色辣芬,則與這裏所描繪的有點距離。只是在依本身,就已有另外兩處提到色辣芬,分別是</span><span lang="EN-GB">14:29</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的「飛龍」和</span><span lang="EN-GB">30:6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的「火蛇飛行」(均《思高》譯)。但查希伯來文本,兩者原文中是相同的詞組「</span><span lang="EN-GB">śārāp̄ mǝʿôp̄ēp̄</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. flying seraph [or saraph]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),即「會飛的[或正在飛的]色辣芬」。但根據</span><span lang="EN-GB">14:29</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的描述,「</span><span lang="EN-GB">śārāp̄ mǝʿôp̄ēp̄</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(會飛的色辣芬)大概是蛇型物體。戶</span><span lang="EN-GB">21:6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和申</span><span lang="EN-GB">8:15</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的「火蛇」(《思高》譯),實際上就是「</span><span lang="EN-GB">hannǝḥāšîm haśśǝrāp̄îm</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. the snakes/serpents the seraphim/seraphs</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),「蛇、色辣芬」。上主在戶</span><span lang="EN-GB">21:8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">命令梅瑟:「你做一條火蛇,懸在木竿上……」中的「火蛇」(《思高》譯),原文甚至只用了「</span><span lang="EN-GB">śārāp̄</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">seraph/saraph</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;色辣芬)一字。根據列下</span><span lang="EN-GB">18:4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,及至希則克雅王在位之時,聖殿中還置有那銅蛇像[即銅色辣芬像]。有鑑於此,學者認為,依撒意亞沒可能不知道那『銅蛇』也是叫「色辣芬」的。因此,他們推斷,依氏是刻意讓「色辣芬」成為天兵天將的一份子。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir43avDvwXHGt0qfM0MOR-RskXrlq-EJQVOe4FNVof6NJa8HrgF1nqtMlWCV33BJRRvSuOF6zWQUsJvc4g6AXgH-wMfs-qqWiug859V6lL51iJDK9O9kiVaAlT-aucWtCLYqC-IIR_YCc/s1600/%25E5%258F%25A4%25E7%25B6%2593%25E4%25BB%258A%25E8%25AE%2580+-+O+5+-+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir43avDvwXHGt0qfM0MOR-RskXrlq-EJQVOe4FNVof6NJa8HrgF1nqtMlWCV33BJRRvSuOF6zWQUsJvc4g6AXgH-wMfs-qqWiug859V6lL51iJDK9O9kiVaAlT-aucWtCLYqC-IIR_YCc/s320/%25E5%258F%25A4%25E7%25B6%2593%25E4%25BB%258A%25E8%25AE%2580+-+O+5+-+2.jpg" width="222" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px; text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: small; text-align: start;">Slab with Six-Winged Goddess</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif; font-size: small; text-align: start;">。</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: small; text-align: start;">The Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif; font-size: small; text-align: start;">。</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">撇除字源不談,根據考古發現,符合《依》中描述的六翼神祗也的確曾在古近東地域的文化中出現。如在今天敘利亞北部的哈拉夫遺址(</span><span lang="EN-GB">Tell Halaf</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),即主前第十世紀時亞述帝國稱之為古扎納(</span><span lang="EN-GB">Guzana</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)後來被亞述攻取的城邦,考古學家發現到一位雙手執蛇的六翼女神(如圖)。聖經學界猜測此六翼女神與色辣芬的由來有一定關聯。但詳情未明。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">如果依撒意亞對周圍地區的宗教文化有一定認識的話,那麼依氏把色辣芬納入上主天廷之中的舉動,就更有意義。無論此色辣芬在古近東宗教思想發展史中所扮演的角色為何,牠既然最後在耶路撒冷聖殿中找到安身之所,就必須融入到雅威信仰之中。牠甚至可能成為天兵天將的代表。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">回到《依》第六章中的色辣芬。牠們遮掩面容,是為免直接看見天主的光榮。另外,由於在《舊約》中「[雙]腳」(希伯來:</span><span lang="EN-GB">raglayim</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;英:</span><span lang="EN-GB">[a pair of] feet</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)常用作男性生殖器官的委婉詞,有些學者認為這裏的情況相同。當然,也有學者不同意這解讀。畢竟,在古時,以衣物覆蓋整個身體(包括整雙手、整雙腿)是莊重的表現,尤其在覲見君王的時候。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">那些色辣芬們發聲宣告天主的神聖。隨著牠們的高呼三聖,殿宇也震動起來。把形容詞「神聖的」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">holy</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)重覆三次,是構成最高級(</span><span lang="EN-GB">superlative</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)──最神聖的──的做法之一。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h4>
<span lang="EN-GB">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節:依撒意亞承認己罪</span></h4>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】我便說:我慘了!因為我要被毀滅了;因為我是個雙唇不潔之人,我又正生活在雙唇不潔的民族之中;因為我雙眼目睹那王、萬軍的上主。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">看見天主光榮帶來兩重結果。一方面,這樣就揭示了天主光榮的深度;另一方面,這樣又顯露出依撒意亞的不潔的深度。依氏不單承認自己是個雙唇不潔的人,更明白自己活在一個有著同樣罪咎的民族之中。唇舌塑造說話,而說話則顯示出一個人的心思念慮。無論是依氏自己,抑或是他的民族,都沒資格站在這位無比神聖的天主面前。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h4>
<span lang="EN-GB">6-7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節:依撒意亞得到上主潔淨</span></h4>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】那些「色辣芬」之一往我這裏飛來,手中有一塊餘火未燼的煤炭</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*8]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,[那是]牠用鉗子在祭壇上拿起來的。【</span><span lang="EN-GB">7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】牠觸碰我的口,牠便說:「看啊!這已觸碰在你雙唇上。你的過犯</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*9]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">已離開了,你的罪過已得寬恕了」。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">[*8]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來無動詞句子(</span><span lang="EN-GB">verbless clause</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ûḇyādô riṣpâ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">lit. in his hand [is] a live coal</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span><span lang="EN-GB">[*9]</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來名詞「</span><span lang="EN-GB">ʿāwōn</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」=</span><span lang="EN-GB">wrongdoing, offense, iniquity; punishment</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。此字不解「邪惡」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">evil</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">正當依撒意亞覺得無助之際,上主的差使馬上行動。牠往依撒意亞那裏飛過去,手中持有剛從祭台上取得的火炭。由於依氏的神視不大可能在聖殿中發生,而是在天主的天廷之中,因此該祭台的具體情況不詳。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 第七節一開始時說:「牠觸碰我的口」。然後那色辣芬解釋道:「這已觸碰在你雙唇上」。究竟是甚麼觸碰到依氏的唇呢?是炭?是鉗?還是手?文中其實沒有交代細節,也許是為了讓我們專心旁觀這莊嚴時刻。要推敲這細節,我們還是要查原文。原文中的「這」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">zę̄</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)屬陽性(</span><span lang="EN-GB">masc.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),但火炭(</span><span lang="EN-GB">riṣpâ</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)和手(</span><span lang="EN-GB">yād</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)卻是陰性(</span><span lang="EN-GB">fem.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。那麼,這「這」所指的,大概只可能是「鉗」(</span><span lang="EN-GB">melqaḥaym</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;陽性)。但誠如有學者所言(</span><span lang="EN-GB">Beyer, 2007:64</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),在這裏我們也許不必分得這麼清楚。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">然後,那色辣芬指出他行動的意義:「你的過犯已離開了,你的罪過已得寬恕了」。透過祂自己侍者的行動,天主已淨除了依撒意亞的不潔。值得留意的是,那色辣芬對猶大的罪隻字不提,而只提到依氏的。天主的人民尚未覺察到他們需要天主的淨除。只有在巴比倫充軍結束時,猶大才得到天主的復興(見</span><span lang="EN-GB">40:2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h4>
<span lang="EN-GB">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節:依撒意亞回應上主的呼喚</span></h4>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span><span lang="EN-GB">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】我便聽到我主的聲音,說:「我可派遣誰呢?誰會為我們走[一趟?]呢?」我便說:「看啊!我[在這裏]。派遣我吧!」</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">已然潔淨的依撒意亞,不再受不潔的阻擋,已經可以回應上主。這節特別值得留意的是,在依氏尚未知道任務的內容時,已上前自薦。那麼,天主要他去宣佈的訊息,是甚麼呢?就請各位讀者去翻翻聖經,繼續看下去!</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">願上主祝福你、守護你,願上主使祂的臉光照你,施恩於你,願上主仰起臉眷顧你,賜你平安!(戶</span><span lang="EN-GB">6:24-26</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">梁展熙</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">參考書目:</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<ul>
<li>Beyer, Bryan E. <i>Encountering the Book of Isaiah: A Historical and Theological Survey</i>. Encountering Biblical Studies. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2007.</li>
<li>Brueggemann, Walter. <i>Isaiah 1–39</i>. Westminster Bible Companion. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 1998.</li>
<li>Childs, Brevard S. <i>Isaiah: A Commentary</i>. The Old Testament Library. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 2001.</li>
<li>Koehler, Ludwig, Walter Baumgartner, M. E. J. Richardson, and Johann Jakob Stamm. <i>The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament</i>. Leiden; New York: E.J. Brill, 1999.</li>
<li>Watts, John D. W. <i>Isaiah 1–33</i>. Revised Edition. Word Biblical Commentary 24. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, Inc, 2005.</li>
</ul>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">插圖:</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">一)撒羅滿聖殿重構圖。</span><span lang="EN-GB">©Logos 2008.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">二)</span><span lang="EN-GB">Slab with Six-Winged Goddess</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。</span><span lang="EN-GB">The Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。</span><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">原載於:</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">《</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">信訊雙週刊</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">》</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif;">第285期</span></div>
天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-21642415211042210642016-01-30T20:50:00.004+08:002016-01-30T20:50:53.846+08:00澳門主教李斌生的宗座委任狀<h2 style="text-align: center;">
澳門主教李斌生的宗座委任狀</h2>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: PMingLiU, serif;">方濟各主教,天主眾僕之僕:致可敬斯德望李斌生昆仲,原</span>Moesia<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: PMingLiU, serif;">隆威教區領銜主教兼香港教區輔理主教,現任澳門主教。謹祝安康,並賜宗座遐福。</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">茲因最可敬的若瑟黎鴻昇主教申請辭任,為處於中國的澳門教會主教職座補缺之故,我們身負牧養天主子民之首牧職責,聽取過萬民福音部的意見,鑒於您具備確實優長及熟悉教會事務,我們認為您,可敬的昆仲,堪當管理該座。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">因此,我們行使宗座權力,解除您作為</span>Moesia<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">隆威教區領銜主教及上述</span>[<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">香港教區</span>]<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">輔理主教之職務,委任您為澳門主教,並具有所有權利與義務。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">此外,我們要求您將這信函通傳於您的神職及教民中。我們勸勉他們由衷地跟隨您並與您緊密聯合。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">最後,可敬的昆仲,靠護慰者聖神之助佑,履行此新任主教職時,您務要特別力行愛德,</span><span lang="ZH-TW"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">即「人類成全並改善世界的基本法令」</span>(<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">參閱論教會在現代世界牧職憲章</span>38)<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。願基督的光與平安,在童貞聖母瑪利亞保護下,常與您及我們珍視的中國內的摯愛公教團體相偕。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "PMingLiU","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">主曆二零一六年一月十六日,我們在任第三年,慈悲禧年,發自羅馬聖伯多祿大殿。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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Português (Tradução não oficial)</h4>
Francisco, Bispo, Servo dos Servos de Deus, ao venerável irmão Estêvão Lee Bun Sang, até agora Bispo Titular de Nova na Moesia e Bispo Auxiliar de Hong Kong, agora <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">constitúido</span> Bispo de Macau, sa<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 16.8667px;">ú</span>de e Benção Apootólica.<br />
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A fim de providenciar para a Catedral da Igreja de Macau na China, vacante depois da resignação (pedido de demissão) do Excelentíssimo D. José Lai Hung Seng, N<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">ó</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">s</span>, conscientes do gravíssimo m<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 16.8667px;">ú</span>nus de Sumo Pontífice de todo o rebanho do Senhor, depois de ouvida a Sagrada Congregação para a Evangelização dos Povos, achamos-te, Venerável Irmão - pelas tuas insignes qualidades e<br />
conhecimento das coisas da Igreja- capaz para governar a acima mencionada Igreja.<br />
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Portanto, com o poder apostólico que nos assiste, libertamos-te de Titular da Sé de Nova em Moesia e do teu cargo como Bispo Auxiliar, e nomeamos-te Bispo de Macau com todos os direitos e obrigações.<br />
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Ordenamos, além disso, que esta carta seja dada a conhecer ao clero e povo, aos quais exortamos que te sigam com alegria e permaneçam unidos a ti.<br />
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Por fim, Venerável Irmão, apoiado pelos dons do Espírito Santo, o Paráclito, possas desempenhar este novo múnus episcopal acima de tudo com caridade, «lei fundamental da perfeição humana e, portanto, da transformação do mundo» (Gaudium et Spes, 38).<br />
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Que a luz e a paz de Cristo, e a protecção da Bem-aventurada Virgem Maria, estejam sempre contigo e com esta amada comunidade Católica na querida China.<br />
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Dadas em Roma, em S. Pedro, no dia 16 de Janeiro, do ano do Senhor de 2016, Ano Jubilar da Misericórdia, e terceiro ano do noo;o Pontificado.<br />
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Francisco (assinatura)<br />
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原載於:《信訊雙週刊》第285期<br />
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English (Unofficial Translation)</h4>
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FRANCIS, BISHOP,
SERVANT OF THE SERVANTS OF GOD,<o:p></o:p></div>
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to our Venerable
Brother Stephen Lee Bun Sang, hitherto Titular Bishop of Nova in Moesia and
Auxiliary Bishop of Hong Kong, now constituted Bishop of Macao, Greetings and
Apostolic Blessing.<o:p></o:p></div>
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In order to provide
for the Cathedral of the Church of Macao in China, vacant after the resignation
of the H.E. Joseph Lai Hung-seng, we, carrying out our most grave task of
Supreme Pastor of the entire flock of the Lord, after having heard the
Congregation for the Evangelisation of Peoples, have deemed you, Venerable
Brother —endowed as you are with proven gifts and skills in church affairs— fit
to govern the aforementioned Church.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Wherefore by our Supreme
Apostolic Power, we relieve you of the Titular See of Nova in Moesia and your
office as Auxiliary Bishop, and name you Bishop of Macao with all its rights
and obligations.<o:p></o:p></div>
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We decree, moreover,
that you make this Letter known to your clergy and people, whom we exhort to
gladly follow you and remain united to you.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Finally, Venerable
Brother, supported by the gifts of the Holy Spirit, the Paraclete, may you
carry out this new office of bishop above all with charity, “fundamental law of
human perfection, and hence of the world’s transformation” (cf Gaudium et spes,
38).<o:p></o:p></div>
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May the light and
peace of Christ, the protection of the Blessed Virgin Mary, be always with you
and with this most beloved Catholic community in dear China.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Given in Rome, at
Saint Peter’s, on the 16th day of January, the year of the Lord 2016, in the
Jubilee of Mercy, the third year of our Pontificate.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Francis<span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br />天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-47741971487676308862016-01-30T19:55:00.001+08:002016-01-30T19:59:34.997+08:00置於死地而後生?<div class="MsoNormal">
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">置於死地而後生?</span></h2>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span>1<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】來自本雅明地內阿納托特城的司祭,希耳克雅的兒子耶肋米亞的言行[錄]。【</span>2<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】上主的說話[來]到他那裏,[是]在在阿孟的兒子、猶大君王約史雅的日子,即他為王的第十三年。【</span>3<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】以及在約史雅的兒子、猶大王約雅金的日子,直到約史雅的兒子、猶大王漆德克雅[在位]的第十一年年底,直到[是年]第五個月,耶路撒冷被俘擄充軍為止。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在行文以第一人稱(=我)來敘述耶肋米亞受到來自天主的呼召和委派(</span>4-10<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)之前,是以第三人稱(=他)來介紹耶氏為何許人,他獲得天主召叫執行先知職務的時期,以及該項召叫為期多久的序言(</span>1-3<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)。這類序言,在不少別的先知書卷中也屢見不鮮(如:依</span>1:1<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;則</span>1:1-3<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;歐</span>1:1<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;亞</span>1:1<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;米</span>1:1<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">等)。很明顯,先知文學(=舊約中所有先知書卷的總稱)的編修者認為,對往後的讀者來說,知道先知書的內容所屬的個別歷史背景是十分重要的。而隨著書卷轉軸一次又一次的轉動,讀者將愈來愈明白到,耶氏身處的歷史時空,對以色列民來說,影響力是無遠弗屆的。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">留心讀第二和第三節的話,就會發現兩節所指的,分別是兩段獨立、不連續的時期。換言之,耶氏的先知職務曾一度中斷。特別值得留意的,是耶氏成為天主的代言人(=先知)的首段時期(主前</span>627-626<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年)。當時可是猶大國內經歷一次國力中興的時期。由於長達一個世紀的猶大國受制於亞述帝國時期的結束所帶來的這次中興,使全國上下──尤其政治宗教領袖──都充斥著一種興奮到得意忘形的樂觀心態。畢竟,榨乾猶大國的財富、損害政治領袖名譽和形象,以及危害到以色列宗教傳統的,就是那來自亞述帝國的龐大影響力。而作為對這份外國勢力的回應,以色列民心中的南北國──以色列和猶大──作為上主他們的天主的選民的一體感甦醒過來,甚至令國內大部分人重申他們對上主天主的忠誠。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">鑑於耶氏在這樣的歷史背景下開展其先知職務,英籍舊約學者郝林文特(</span>Clement, 1988:15<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)認為,耶氏心情想必十分矛盾。一方面,他只能接受那些促成猶大國宗教生活復興的人,另一方面,從他的早期先知說話中,我們可看出他對眼前所見的希望和樂觀心態並不放心。畢竟,希望和樂觀心態很容易化為自滿,甚至變成一種迷信,以為天主會一直保護猶大,無論猶大做出了甚麼事情也好。歷史最終證明,使猶大國覆亡的,正正是這份自滿的樂觀心態。不過,在真相揭曉之前,耶肋米亞卻要度四十年被孤立和被嘲笑的生活。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span>4<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】上主的說話[來]到我這裏,說:【</span>5<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】「在我尚未在腹中塑造你之前,我已認識了你。在你尚未從母胎[=子宮]中出來之前,我已祝聖了你。我已立定了你成為諸邦的先知」。【</span>6<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】我說:「哎呀!上主我主啊!看啊!我不懂[如何]說話。因為我[只</span> / <span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">仍]是個少年」。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span>7<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】上主便對我說:「[你]不要說,我[只</span> / <span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">仍]是個少年。因為無論我為了甚麼派你去,你將要去;無論我命令你甚麼,你將要說。【</span>8<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】[你]不要因他們而害怕。因為我[會]與你一起,去救走你」──上主的宣告。【</span>9<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】上主便伸出祂的手,它[=手;或祂=上主]便觸碰了我的口。上主便對我說:「現在!我已把我的話放在你口中。【</span>10<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】看啊!我已任命了你,就在這一天,在諸邦和眾王之上,去拔起和拆毀,去破壞和傾覆,去建設和栽種」。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">與其他先知的召喚敘述一樣,耶肋米亞先知的召喚(</span>1:4-10<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)也當然是在該事件發生了一段時間之後才寫成的。至於其寫作目的,最有可能的就是為他的先知語錄作導言。由此看來,在他首次經驗到天主的委派與這段文字寫成之間,大概相差二十年。當然,某程度上,這時差並不影響我們對這七節的基本理解:這段敘述揭示了貫穿其先知職務時期耶氏心中一直威受到的來自天主的權威、催迫和授權。而且,相必在那麼多年來,他也一直就此反覆思量。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">說到這裏,也許我們應先回看一下耶肋米亞的家庭背景。特別值得留意的,是他來自一個「本雅明地內阿納托特城的司祭」家庭(</span>1:1<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。年齡二十左右的年青耶氏,不大可能已開始在阿納托特的祭壇主持祭祀。當然,司祭的培育卻是很可能已經開始。更有趣的,其實是阿納托特城本身。要了解這城背後的意義,我們就要稍稍重溫達味聯合王國的早期歷史。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在中國歷史裏,於在位皇帝年老之時,王儲爭位的情況比比皆是。在古以色列的情況也相似。話說在達味歸天之期將至之前,他與哈基特(譯名看不出是女士吧!)所生的第四子阿多尼雅欲自立為王,更得到司祭厄貝雅塔爾的擁護。當然,後來達味在巴特舍巴──撒羅滿之母(又看不出是女士吧!)──的慫恿下決定立撒羅滿為王。又當然,在權鬥下得勝的撒羅滿又怎會留下政敵的擁護者!於是,撒羅滿王革去了厄貝雅塔爾的司祭職,將他流放。至於流放的地點,正正就是阿納托特城(見《列上》第一至二章)。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 除了被這件權鬥事件殃及之外,隨著撒羅滿王在耶路撒冷建成聖殿,當中華麗的宗教儀式更使原本是在本雅明支派屬地的肋未人居城的阿納托特城,聲望便漸見消逝。此外,我們不應忽略的還有,本雅明支派和猶大支派本身的歷史傷痕。被來自猶大支派的達味篡位的撒烏耳王,就是來自本雅明支派的。的確,派系鬥爭不時有被誇大的情況,古今中外皆然;不過,從本雅明支派的城鎮當時已落入猶大國之手看來,內部有矛盾並非不尋常。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">耶肋米亞就是在這種帶有抗爭和怨憤(儘管未必強烈)的政治環境之下長大。因此,郝林文特認為(</span>17<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),他大概不會相信來自耶路撒冷的政治決策或宗教儀式是絕對正確,神聖不可侵犯的。相反,他很可能很早就學會看穿當下宗教及政治事件背後的真相。他也許是會以自己國族文化的原始──來自梅瑟和出谷時代──的見解和原則來判斷眼前之事是否正當。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">因此,郝林文特提出(</span>18<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),耶肋米亞認為自己自出娘胎就必須成為一個以色列和列國的先知,與他在本雅明支派屬地的阿納托特城的司祭家庭出身,就是天主一早命定的重要因素。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在召叫敘述之中,耶肋米亞與天主之間的對話,相對就簡單得多。那是個在先知文學中常見的模式。天主召叫,候選人以自己力有未逮為由婉拒;天主再召叫,堅持祂將補充候選者能力的不足,並常在其左右以支持和保護他;最後,候選人經幾番婉拒未果後,最終接受。當然,對耶氏自己來說,那場對話真實得到:「上主便伸出祂的手,祂便觸碰了我的口。上主便對我說:</span>……<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span>1:9<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">不少學者執著於要分辨出這描述中有多少是真正的神視,有多少是為求把不可描述的宗教經驗用文字表達時被迫採用的意象,又有多少是耶肋米亞自己內心的感覺。但是,某程度上,這些問題都是次要的。至少,對耶氏自己來說,這份經驗最要緊的訊息是:天主已把成為一個先知的權威和力量給了他。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這段的結束,是天主交托給耶肋米亞的兩手任務。一方面,耶氏要成為惡耗先知,替上主傳達祂所作的裁決,把一切連根拔起、夷為平地。另一方面,他又要成為復興和重生先知,把上主的希望和保證帶給人民,把將來如種子般播下,來等待一場潤澤蒼生的綿綿春雨。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span>11<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】上主的說話便[來]到我這裏,說:「耶肋米亞!你看到甚麼?」我便說:「我看到一條杏樹柄」。【</span>12<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】上主便對我說:「你看得好。因為我一直留意著,讓我的說話成[事]」。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span>13<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】上主的說話便第二次[來]到我這裏,說:「你看到甚麼?」我便說:「我看到一個煮沸了的鍋,它的面從北面[來]</span>[*1]<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」。【</span>14<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】上主便對我說:「從北面將有惡耗被打開,降臨到所有居住在這地上的人。【</span>15<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】因為,看啊!我將呼召來自北方的所有部族──上主的宣告。他們要來,各自把其御座置於耶路撒冷城門前、在她[=耶路撒冷]的所有圍牆上,以及在猶大的所有城鎮中。【</span>16<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】我將告訴他們我就他們的惡行[所作]的裁決。那就是,他們離棄了我,他們向其他神祗獻祭,他們膜拜他們雙手的製品。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">[*1]<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來無動詞句子(</span>verbless clause<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)「</span>ûp̄ānāyw mippnê ṣāp̄ônâ<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」(</span>lit. and its face[s] [is] from the face[s] of [the] north</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">接下來的,是能夠總結耶肋米亞的早期宣講的兩個神視。第一個是杏樹芽幹,正在發芽生長,是春天來臨的先兆。第二個是正煮沸了的鍋。至於這些神視是何時發生,是在他經驗到天主召叫之後馬上發生,還是一段時間之後,文中並無說明。無論如何,這兩個神視所傳達的,是天主對以色列的想法,即使在耶氏開始其先知職務二十年之後都一直沒變。至於這兩個神視的完整意義,就要到具決定性的主前</span>605<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年,巴比倫王拿步高即位,就不再模糊了。當時,埃及敗在巴比倫之手,猶大國已無力招架巴比倫。對這個來自美索不達米亞地區的新威脅,災難來自北方的說法就更具迫切性。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這兩個神視其實也別具意義。特別是第一個,其字面意思(尤其各中譯文的)與實際意思大相逕庭。由於上主委派耶肋米亞的是兩手任務,而第一個神視又看似與春天有關,難免令不少人以為這是個帶有正面意思的神視。沒錯,一株正在發芽生長的杏樹幹,確實是春天來臨的先兆。不過,這比喻所要比的,並非視覺圖像,而是聽覺聲音,即「雙關語」(粵:諧音)。杏樹的希伯來文是「</span>šāqēd<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」,寓意天主一直留意著(</span>šōqēd<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">=</span>watching, being vigilant<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)使祂的說話(無論承諾或懲罰)兌現──同時要留意希伯來文本原始傳統是只留輔音(聲母)的,即「</span>š-q-d // š-q-d<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」。換言之,誠如郝林文特所言(</span>20<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),這神視的真正意思是,人們對──政治上的或生活環境上的──春天出於自然的期盼,蒙蔽了他們的雙眼,讓他們看不到天主的懲罰和政治軍事上潛在危險的警號。相反,天主卻一直注意著,如果人們沒有讓祂的說話成事──履行祂的誡命,那麼祂就會親自讓這些話兌現──執行懲罰。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">至於第二個神視,含義大抵上較簡單,但細節上仍是不清楚的。究竟這鍋是如何面對北方呢?是正對北方,還是背對北方?不過,在耶肋米亞神視中上主接著的解讀(</span>14-15<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節),為我們解釋得一清二楚。耶路撒冷,以至整個猶大國,都將受到軍事攻擊,而耶城將被圍困。儘管解讀都並無明確指出結果,但線索都指向一個命運:兵敗城破。這推斷的理據是,以色列民既已離棄了天主,那麼將要發生的事想必是嚴重的天罰。學界唯一的問題是,耶肋米亞怎麼如此篤定敵軍「來自北方」?</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">學界當然就此提出過不少答案,但篇幅所限,容我只提出最有說服力的一個。此說認為,耶肋米亞之所以堅持威脅國土安全的危機來自北方,是要挑戰他的同胞毫無節制地慶祝亞述的國力衰落。不少以色列民當時相信,他們──甚至他們的子孫──將不會再有眼看來自美索不達米亞地區的武裝部隊在自己的土地上搶掠、洗劫和壓榨。耶肋米亞一心想要警告的,正正是這份開心得太早的、判斷失據的樂觀心態。當然,從《耶》一書的編修者,以及其讀者對象的角度來看,一切已經發生,不可逆轉;而敵軍的身份也早已知曉。但從耶氏本身的人生經驗看來,這敵軍的身份,他最早也應在主前</span>605/4<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年登位,並從埃及手中把猶大國的控制權搶過來之後,才漸見明確。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">當然,對今時今日的我們來說,這種政教不分的世界觀是相當陌生的。不過,在古時,莫說政教,根本生活很多方面都是合起來看的(又或者可說是混為一談的),如巫醫不分也是一例。所以,順帶一提,閱讀聖經時,切忌把我們的世界觀有意地加諸到聖經作者的世界觀上;而為免無意識地這樣做,我們在閱讀聖經時,就需要主動花心思去了解聖經的歷史背景,來彌補我們讀者與聖經文字之間的歷史文化──也就是時空──之間的差距。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span>17<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】至於你,你要束起你的腰,你要站起來,你要告訴他們我命令你的一切。不要因他們的面容而驚恐,否則我要在他們面前使你驚恐!【</span>18<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】至於我,看啊!在這一天,我要使你成為堡壘,成為鐵柱,成為銅牆[複數],以抗衡這整片土地:猶大的諸王、她的眾首領、她的眾司祭,以及這地的人民。【</span>19<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】他們要與你開戰,但他們不能戰勝你。因為我與你的一起──上主的宣告──去救走你。」</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在耶肋米亞的召叫敘述,以及總結出他早期先知職務的二個神視之後的,就是這三節天主親身對耶氏下的指令。不過,與其說這番話是天主對耶氏說的,倒不如說這是對讀者說的《耶》最後導言。隨著《耶》一章章的揭曉,我們會看著耶肋米亞飽受自己同胞的指責,好像被敵軍重重圍困的城池。他要面對的,根本就是自己國家的整個領袖階層:「猶大的諸王(大概是指三朝君主)、她的眾首領、她的眾司祭,以及這地的人民」(</span>18<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)。當他們發現耶氏要講的,是他們感到刺耳,聽不進去的反對聲音時,他們將群起而攻之。不過,他們不會得逞。畢竟,耶肋米亞所說的,是天主的話;他所站的,是天主的那一方。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">先知文學的一大特色,是當傳統政治建制、宗教道統日漸腐敗,流於追逐政治權利和榨取民脂民膏的時候,他們也再聽不到天主的聲音。此時,天主的聲音就會藉宗教道統以外的人發聲。這也有點像孔子所說的「禮失求諸野」。因此,教宗方濟各在去年十月家庭主教會議結束時提出讓教會成為羅馬主教、各地方主教,和全體教友一起同行(</span>synodal<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">=</span>together, on the same way<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)的教會,是有效避免上述現象的良方。</span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">此外,雖然這裏的天主看似嚴厲非常,甚至有點殘忍──畢竟讓一個國家覆亡,一定有人命死傷,不過,天主卻為這國家留有一絲希望。在連根拔起過後,祂要重新裁種。天主從來不是會趕人入絕路的,雖然祂有時會強迫人們去改變,而改變很多時候是痛苦的,尤如要將舊有的自己連根拔起一樣。不過,只要經過了那場痛楚,就有重新生長的一天。而這,就是天主的慈悲。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">願上主祝福你、守護你,願上主使祂的臉光照你,施恩於你,願上主仰起臉眷顧你,賜你平安!(戶</span>6:24-26<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">梁展熙</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">參考書目:</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<br />
<ul>
<li>Clements, R. E. <i>Jeremiah</i>. Interpretation, a Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching. Atlanta, GA: J. Knox Press, 1988.</li>
<li><span lang="DE">Koehler, Ludwig, Walter Baumgartner, M. E. J. Richardson, and Johann Jakob Stamm. </span><i>The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament</i>. Leiden; New York: E.J. Brill, 1999.</li>
</ul>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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原載於:<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">《</span>信訊雙週刊<span style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">》</span>第285期</div>
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天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-62299877182076213522016-01-30T06:44:00.000+08:002016-01-31T06:50:50.586+08:00CONFRARIA DO SENHOR BOM JESUS DOS PASSOS -- PROGRAMA 2016<h2 style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-GB">CONFRARIA DO SENHOR BOM JESUS DOS PASSOS</span><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></h2>
<h3>
<span lang="EN-GB">PROGRAMA</span><span lang="EN-GB">2016</span></h3>
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<a href="http://www.oclarim.com.mo/zh/files/2015/02/C_05b-photo-225x300.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://www.oclarim.com.mo/zh/files/2015/02/C_05b-photo-225x300.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
<h4 style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">NOVENA – 04 A 12 DE FEVEREIRO DE 2016 - </span>Igreja de Santo Angostinho</h4>
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<span lang="EN-GB">07:15 horas – Missa em chinês.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">07:50 horas – Novena e missa em chinês.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">17:30 horas – Missa e Novena em português.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">FESTA – DIA 13 DE FEVEREIRO DE 2016 (SÁBADO) - </span>Igreja de Santo Angostinho</h4>
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<span lang="EN-GB">07:15 horas – Missa em chinês.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">08:00 horas – Missa de FESTA DAS CINCO CHAGAS DO SENHOR (em chinês e
português).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">16:00 horas – Via-Sacra em chinês.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">17:00 horas – Missa antecipada em chinês e português, seguida de
Via-Sacra em português.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">18:30 horas – Sermão do Horto em chinês<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">19:00 horas – PROCISSÃO DA CRUZ para a Sé Catedral,
seguida de Sermão do Horto em português<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">DIA 14 DE FEVEREIRO DE 2016 (DOMINGO) – S</span><span lang="EN-GB">É</span><span lang="EN-GB">
CATEDRAL<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
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<span lang="EN-GB">16:00 horas – Sermão do Pretório em chinês<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> – PROCISSÃO
DO SENHOR BOM JESUS DOS PASSOS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB"> para a
Igreja de Santo Angostinho, seguida de Sermão do Calvário em português.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">A Mesa Directora da Confraria</span></div>
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刊於:《信訊雙週刊》第285期</div>
天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-17615235624959418562016-01-30T02:29:00.000+08:002016-01-31T02:40:58.081+08:002016年苦難善耶穌(大耶穌)九日敬禮時間表<h2 style="text-align: center;">
2016年苦難善耶穌(大耶穌)九日敬禮時間表</h2>
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<h3>
甲)九日敬禮:2016年2月4日至12日(聖奧斯定堂,即崗頂聖堂)</h3>
上午七時十五分:敬禮彌撒(中文)。<br />
七時五十分:誦唸敬禮經文及敬禮彌撒(中文)。<br />
下午五時半 :敬禮彌撒及誦唸敬禮經文(葡語)。<br />
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(注意:在早上敬禮期間,有司鐸聽告解。)<br />
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<h4>
乙)耶穌五傷瞻禮:2月13日(星期六)</h4>
<h3>
(聖奧斯定堂,即崗頂聖堂)</h3>
上午:七時十五分:敬禮彌撒(中文)。<br />
八時正 :共祭敬禮彌撒(中葡文)(由主教主禮)<br />
下午:四時正 :拜苦路(中文)。<br />
五時正 :主日提前彌撒(中葡文)及拜苦路(葡語)<br />
六時半 :出遊前講道:耶穌山園祈禱(中文)。<br />
七時正 :耶穌苦像出遊到主教座堂,<br />
出遊後講道:耶穌山園祈禱(葡語)。<br />
<br />
<h4>
丙)苦難善耶穌(大耶穌)出遊:2月14日(星期日)(主教座堂,即大堂)</h4>
下午四時:1. 出遊前講道(中文)<br />
2. 苦難善耶穌(大耶穌)出遊,途經玫瑰堂、南灣、西灣返回聖奧斯定堂。<br />
3. 出遊後講道(葡語)及十字聖木降臨。<br />
<br />
<br />
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澳門苦難善耶穌會值理會</div>
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2016年1月15日</div>
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轉載於:《信訊雙週刊》第285期天主教澳門教區主教座堂http://www.blogger.com/profile/17147803999761631517noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1499282476276803102.post-1587977326134562162016-01-23T06:56:00.000+08:002016-01-24T06:58:21.951+08:00盟約的更新 解讀與傳承<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">古經今讀</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">丙年常年期第三主日</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">盟約的更新 解讀與傳承</span></h2>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">讀經一:厄下</span>8:1-4a,5-6,8-10<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">有見及今天的讀經與本人的專業息息相關,而當中涉及的議題也關乎信仰的宏旨,因此本文會綜覽整篇《厄下》第八章,然後聚焦中於當中提出的問題。不過,由於在整個三年主日禮儀曆中,這主日是唯一會讀到《厄上、下》的。那麼,就讓我們先稍為了解一下這兩卷相當重要,但禮儀卻無法讓我們時常聽到的書卷。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<h4>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">《厄斯德拉‧上下卷》導論(見</span>Collins, 2004:426-429<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span></h4>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 如我們慣用的中譯本名稱所示,此兩卷書原本被視為單一本書,以厄斯德拉之名命之。時至今日,在猶太傳統中,此兩卷仍合算為一本。在希臘語傳統中,此書卻一分為二,為《厄斯德拉》和《乃赫米雅》(</span>Ezra and Nehemiah<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。與我們慣用的中譯本對照,前者即《厄上》,後者即《厄下》。毋需多講,《拉丁通行本》也跟隨了希臘語傳統。在現代不同語言的聖經中,都把《厄》和《乃》算為兩卷書,但把它們排在一起。它們也很明顯是來自一位作者(或編修者)之手,故不少外文聖經稱這兩卷書為《</span>Ezra-Nehemiah<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》(《厄-乃》)。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<b><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , serif;">《厄-乃》的內容大綱如下:</span><u><o:p></o:p></u></b></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 一)《厄》一至章:俘虜回鄉、重建聖殿。這些事大約在厄斯德拉時代的半個世紀前發生,作者在書的開首匯報這些事,是取材自一些資料文獻的,包括:波斯王居魯士讓俘虜回鄉的詔令(希伯來文:</span>1:2-4<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;亞拉美文:</span>6:3-5<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;亞拉美文意述</span>[paraphrase]<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:</span>5:13-15<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)、回鄉者名單(</span>2:1-67<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),以及一些與波斯宮廷的書信往來(</span>4:7-22; 5:6-17; 6:6-12<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。厄</span>4:8–6:18<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">全是以亞拉美文寫成,但學界並不認為這部分來自另一來源,而只不過是作者在引用過亞拉美文資料之後,以亞拉美文繼續寫作的結果。可以說,我們應假設《厄》的預設讀者是能操希伯來和亞拉美雙語的。類似的情況我們也可在《達尼爾書》中找到。這部分看上去相當複雜,是因為作者為了把相關的資料放在一起,而不惜打斷歷史順序(當中甚至有互相矛盾之處)。例如,在第一章結束,居魯士於主前</span>539<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年頒佈諭令的時候,猶太人社區的領袖是「舍市巴匝」(</span>Sheshbazzar<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。但在第三章中,主持聖殿重建的卻是由大司祭耶叔亞(</span>Joshua<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)以及沙耳提耳的兒子則魯巴貝耳所主持,隻字不提舍市巴匝其人。那時大概是波斯王達理阿朝代期間(約主前</span>520<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年)。然而,作者在</span>5:16<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">告訴我們,為重建聖殿奠基的,反而是舍市巴匝。在第三章和第五章之間的,是耶路撒冷與波斯王阿塔薛西斯(主前</span>486-465<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年)和達理阿(主前</span>522-486<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)之間的書信往來。由此可見,在這部分中,作者是按主題來處理其資料的,而非時序。這數章大部分是由史料拼湊而成的,對我們來說是不可多得的歷史材料。不過,看來它們絕對不是直接地把歷史記述下來如此簡單。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 二)厄斯德拉回憶錄。有關厄斯德拉任務的記述,在《厄》第七至十章,然後在《乃》(即《厄下》)第八至九章(實從</span>7:73b<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">開始)接續。這段記述包括第一人稱(=自述)和第三人稱(=旁述)的敘述。作者在寫這段記述時所用到的資料包括波斯王阿塔薛西斯委任厄斯德拉(厄上</span>7:12-26<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)、與厄斯德拉一同回鄉者名單(</span>8:1-14<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),以及涉及混合婚姻者的名單(</span>10:8-43<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 三)乃赫米雅回憶錄。乃赫米雅的官涯見於《乃》</span>1:1–7:73a<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的第一人稱記述。乃第十一至十三章也是有關乃赫米雅的官涯的。當中包括一些第一人稱記述(如:</span>12:31-43<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和</span>13:4-31<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 從以上撮要可見,《厄-乃》所記述的,是被充軍巴比倫的俘虜回鄉後第一個世紀內的三段不同時間:剛剛回鄉並重建聖殿、厄斯德拉的職涯,以及乃赫米雅的官涯。學界普遍認為,這些記述大約在乃赫米雅的官涯完結後不久編修而成的,大約在主前</span>400<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">《乃》(=《厄下》)第八至十章:時序與文序(</span>Throntveit: 1992:94<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span></h4>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">就如何正確地閱讀《厄-乃》的問題而言,這三章實在處於爭議的核心。如果讀者單純地視之為完全依照史實和史序寫成的話,就不得不傷透腦筋:何以《厄》(=《厄上》)早在</span>7:10<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">就清楚指出厄斯德拉已來到了耶路撒冷來教導《訓示》(俗稱=《梅瑟律法》[</span>≈ <span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">《梅瑟五書》?])並執行之(見厄上</span>7:25-26<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),卻不在《厄》緊接著的篇幅細述其過程,而要等到乃赫米雅到達並在城牆建造完畢(見厄下</span>8:1-8<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),足足十三年之後才描寫這件事?這項一反常態的現象,再加上其他佐證,令不少學者作出結論(如</span>Torrey, 1896:29-34 ; 1910:252-284<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),指這三章原本是緊接在《厄上》第八章或第十章之後,作為厄斯德拉改革的延續,只是後來因不明原委被移插在乃赫米雅回憶錄(《厄下》第一至七章)之後。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">另一方面,原本的文序亦陷入另一難題。《厄下》第七章結束時,寫到耶路撒冷人煙稀少,並再次列出那些與則魯巴貝耳一同回鄉者的名單。作者(或編者)突然放下這條主敘述線,然後再第十一章接續,記述一個藉徵收居住耶城之外的人什一稅來增加耶城人口的計劃。換言之,就敘述的連續性而言,似乎從《厄下》第七章,跳過第八至十章,直接在第十一章繼續似乎更為合理。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">無論歷史事實情況如何,這三章與其上文下理格格不入,所關注的主題各異,是相當明顯的。自《厄下》第八章起,行文改用第三人稱(旁述),在毫無引介的情況下,厄斯德拉馬上成為文中主角,而乃赫米雅只是在兩處出現過(見</span>8:9; 10:1<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),而且只是輔助性質,可算是連對白也沒有的跑龍套(粵=茄喱啡)。不過,既然最後編修者如此呈現事情脈絡,對我們來說,也許更重要的是去探討這樣的安排有何敘述功能,從以窺探其神學觀點。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<h4>
<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">《乃》(=《厄下》)第八至十章:更新盟約(詳見:</span>Williamson: 1985:276<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span></h4>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我們之所以花如此篇幅去討論《厄下》第八至十章,原因是當中所載的是以色列-猶太歷史的重要時刻:盟約的更新。如果大家嘗試把三章一氣呵成的讀一遍的話,就會發現這整部分由三個單元組成:一)朗讀《訓示》(=《律法》;見第八章);二)認罪懺悔(第九章);三)立盟蓋章(第十章)。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">換言之,今天的讀經一,實是這整個盟約更新儀式的首部曲。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span>7:72b<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】第七個月到了,以色列子民[在]他們的眾城市內。【</span>1<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】全體子民便往水門前面的廣場聚集起來,有如一個人。他們便對經師厄斯德拉說:「把上主命令以色列的梅瑟訓示</span>[*1]<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">之書帶進來吧」。【</span>2<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】在七月的第一天,司祭厄斯德拉便把訓示</span>[*1]<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">帶到聚會面前,[該聚會]由男人和女人,以及所有聽得明白的人[所組成]。【</span>3<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】他便在水門面前的廣場面前,面對著那些男人、女人和能明白的人朗讀它,從天明直到正午。全體人民的雙耳都向著訓示</span>[*1]<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">之書。【</span>4<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】經師厄斯德拉站在木塔上,那[木塔]是為這事而造的。站在他旁邊的[有]瑪提提雅、舍瑪、阿納雅、烏黎雅、希耳克雅和瑪阿色雅,在他的右邊;在他左邊的[有]培達雅、米沙耳、瑪耳基雅、哈雄、哈協巴達納、則加黎雅、和默叔藍。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span>5<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】厄斯德拉便在全體人民雙眼前打開書卷,因為他在全體人民上面。在他打開它時,全體人民站了起來。【</span>6<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】厄斯德拉便祝福了上主、那偉大的天主。全體人民便回答:「亞孟!亞孟!」,並高舉雙手。他們便跪拜,敬禮上主,俯伏至地。【</span>7<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】耶叔亞、巴尼、舍勒彼雅、雅明、阿谷布、沙貝泰、曷狄雅、瑪阿色雅、刻里達、阿匝黎雅、約匝巴得、哈南和培拉雅,以及眾肋未人,使人民明白訓示</span>[*1]<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。人民[仍留在]他們站立的地方。【</span>8<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】他們朗讀天主訓示之書,同時翻譯著它,給予意思。他們便明白所朗讀的。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span>9<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】乃赫米雅總督、司祭及經師厄斯德拉,和正在使人民明白的肋未人,對全體人民說:「今天是上主你們的天主的聖日。你們不要悲傷!也不要哭泣!」因為在全體人民聽到訓示</span>[*1]<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的說話時,他們一直哭泣。【</span>10<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】他便對他們說:「[你們]去吧!吃肥美的食物,喝甜美的飲品吧!把部分[複數]送給那些沒有東西準備的人那裏吧!因為這是我們上主的聖日。[你們]不可悲痛!因為上主的喜樂就是你們的避難堡壘」。【</span>11<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】那使肋未人正在使全體人民靜下來,說:「[你們]肅靜!因為今天是聖日,你們不可悲痛!」【</span>12<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】全體人民便去了吃和喝,把部分[複數]送出,並舉行巨大的喜樂慶典。因為他們[=全體人民]明白了他們[=厄斯德拉及肋未人等]向他們宣講的說話。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span>13<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】第二天,全體人民的家族首領們、司祭們,和肋未人們,往經師厄斯德拉處聚集了起來,去學習訓示</span>[*1]<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的說話。【</span>14<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】他們發現在訓示中寫到,上主藉著梅瑟的手命令了,在七月的慶典期間,以色列子民應居住在帳棚裏,【</span>15<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】並應在所有城鎮以及耶路撒冷中傳報,說:「你們要出去山裏,把橄欖葉、野橄欖樹葉、香桃葉[=長春葉]、棗椰葉,和其他樹葉帶回來造帳棚,一如所寫的」。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">【</span>16<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】人民便出去,把[它們]帶回來,各人在自己的屋頂上、在他們的集居地、在上主宮殿的庭院裏、在水門廣場和厄弗辣因廣場裏造了帳棚。【</span>17<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】整個聚會,所有從充軍回來的人,都造了帳棚。他們便住了在帳棚裏。從農的兒子若蘇厄的日子起,直到這一天,以色列子民都未做過這事。那裏有著非常大的喜樂。【</span>18<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">】他便朗讀了天主訓示之書,日復一日,從第一天直到最後一天。他們便舉行了慶典七天,在第八天有集會,一如法定。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">[*1]<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">希伯來原文「</span>tôrāh<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」,慣譯作「法律」或「律法」(</span>law<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。其實,這名詞來自動詞「</span>y-r-h<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」,本義:「指引、訓示」(</span>to direct, to instruct<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。用「</span>Torah<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」一字來專指《(梅瑟)五書》,是猶太信仰後來的發展。</span></span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這段文字本身不難理解,朗讀(=宣講?)上主的訓示、其解讀,以及人民接著的回應,就是這一段相當突出的主題。牛津大學希伯來學教授威廉臣(</span>Williamson, 1985:297-299<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)認為,對我們來說,似乎聚焦於這一段所引出的現代詮釋學問題更為有趣。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這一段落,以一個渴望聆聽天主訓示的聚會,以及一位願意滿足他們要求的老師來開場。在聚會群眾方面,我們首先要留意,他們帶著崇敬的心神和行動來期待這次朗讀(見</span>5-6<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節);其次,他們專注地聆聽了整個早上,從日出直到正午,大約六個小時(</span>3<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節);第三,他們對朗讀本身,及其解讀,都有所反應(分別見</span>9b<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和</span>12<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">至於厄斯德拉方面,我們必須留意到,他願意滿足群眾的請求。雖然請求是由群眾主動提出的,不過文中也有不少提示指出厄斯德拉已早有準備。更重要的是,他既選擇不在有進入限制的聖殿之內,而是在人人都容易進入的地方朗讀天主訓示,他又讓非神職人員(即今日的所謂平信徒)全情參與(見</span>4<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)。最後,平信徒領袖的地位在第</span>13<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節也同樣突出,他們是厄斯德拉身邊的人,在他朗讀過後作更詳細的解釋。威廉臣甚至認為,厄斯德拉的重要性在於,他讓他時代的『聖經』由平信徒掌握,猶太宗教經典不再成為『業內人士』或『專家』所獨有。可以講,由此起計,這項基本成就已取決了自此以後的猶太信仰型態。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">然而,威廉臣馬上指出,當我們接著考慮到厄斯德拉行動的結果,問題就會馬上出現。在第</span>8<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節和</span>12<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節的結尾有作者刻意鋪排的平行點:群眾「明白了所朗讀的」。但在朗讀結束的時候,他們卻在哭泣(見第</span>9<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節下)。不過,這並不是厄斯德拉原本想得到的結果。只有當他解釋了他們為何不應哭泣之後,他們才「舉行巨大的喜樂慶典。因為他們[=全體人民]明白了他們[=厄斯德拉及肋未人等]向他們宣講的說話」(</span>12<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節)。我們可如何解釋這尖銳的對比呢?</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">威廉臣認為,要完滿地回答這問題,我們必須首先記得,厄斯德拉所朗讀的《訓示》,群眾很可能未必完全未聽過。然而,由於社區的政治現實已經改變,《訓示》中的不少規範已被廢止。那些來自天主所啟示的旨意的規範,在一片原本政治自主的土地中可直接嵌入法律體系。但當初的主權國現已成為波斯帝國的一個細小行省,他們又可如何遵行那些規範?一如早在《厄上》第九至十章所見的,同樣在禮儀沒有選讀的部分(</span>13-18<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">節),厄斯德拉為了解決這問題,引進了一套新的解讀方法,讓天主訓示(或:法律?)的原則能繼續為人所遵守,儘管已改變的情況本使其文字有如死去。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">由此看來,我們無法逃避一個相當重要的問題:聖經(神聖經典)的權威(</span>authority<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。在其文字的字義與按其文字生活兩者之間,是有可能存在鴻溝的。有不少基督徒,在討論信仰以至人的行為操守時,言必稱聖經;也有不少人認為(甚至不自覺地認為),人的理性與教會傳統之間,時常是互相敵對的。威廉臣認為,《厄下》的這一章,在這問題上驅使我們要就兩個層次停下來,想一想。首先,如果人們沒有正確地理解一個權威的話,無論是何權威,那麼它又有何價值?聖經成書時代的世界與我們的世界之間文化差異如此之大,再加上基督信仰又產生出如此多的面向,這使我們不得不面對這問題。其次,如果某些個別經文章節的正確理解,與我們認定了的聖經教導的整體背道而馳的話,我們該怎樣辦?換言之,沒有一個可接受的解讀的聖經章節,只會淪為用來敬禮的化石。厄斯德拉的做法就指出,權威的三大來源,儘管聖經在時序上居首,在重要性上不亞於其餘兩者,但三者必須共同作用,相輔相作。在信仰團體的生活之內,三者必須組成一個解讀螺旋(</span>hermeneutical spiral<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),當中任何一者的見解都會不斷地查核和改良其餘二者的見解。此三者即,以聖經經文章節為基礎,輔以理性慎思明辨的思考來解讀詮譯,傳統(</span>tradition<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;或更好更準確地譯作傳承)確保得出的解讀以及一切按其之所行符合天主的最終旨意:不去排斥別人和判別人有罪,而是施予恩寵和不斷的邀請。</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "pmingliu" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">參考書目:</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<ul>
<li>Collins, John J. <i>Introduction to the Hebrew Bible: An Inductive Reading of the Old Testament</i>. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress, 2004.</li>
<li>Koehler, Ludwig, Walter Baumgartner, M. E. J. Richardson, and Johann Jakob Stamm. <i>The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament</i>. Leiden; New York: E.J. Brill, 1999.</li>
<li>Throntveit, Mark A. <i>Ezra-Nehemiah</i>, Interpretation, a Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching. Louisville, KY: John Knox, 1992.</li>
<li>Torrey, C. C. <i>The Composition and Historical Value of Ezra-Nehemiah</i>. BZAW 2. Giessen: J. Ricker’sche Buchhandlung, 1896.</li>
<li>Torrey, C. C. <i>Ezra Studies</i>. Chicago: University Press, 1910.</li>
<li>Williamson, H. G. M. <i>Ezra, Nehemiah</i>, Word Biblical Commentary 16. Dallas: Word, 1985), 297–299.</li>
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